CanadiEM Podcasts: CRACKCast, ClerkCast, CarmsCast, First Year Diaries

Core Questions Explain broad causes of elevated bilirubin (obstructive, hepatocellular, and hemolysis) and the significance of direct vs. indirect hyperbilirubinemia (Fig 25.1) Explain your approach to the history and physical exam in patients with jaundice (Fig 25.2)  List 10 causes of jaundice (Table 25.2)  Explain your approach to ancillary testing in patients with jaundice.  Wisecracks What are the stages of hepatic encephalopathy?   What is the triad of acute hepatic failure?  What is Charcot’s triad and Reynold’s pentad?  What is the “1000s Club” and how do you become a member? 

In this episode, Kevin Dong interviews Dr. Mohamed Hagahmed on his transition to practice and how to prepare for your board/licensing exams after you graduate from residency. Dr. Mohamed Hagahmed is an Assistant Clinical Professor in the Department of Emergency Medicine at UT Health San Antonio.

Core Questions What are risk factors for serious underlying causes of abdominal pain? (Box 24.1)  Explain key symptoms and signs to look for in the evaluation of the patient with abdominal pain.  What diagnoses are associated with different patterns of abdominal pain? (Fig 24.1)  List 5 critical and 5 emergent causes of abdominal pain (Table 24.1, 24.2)  Explain an approach to ancillary testing in abdominal pain.  Outline a diagnostic algorithm for patients with abdominal pain (Fig 24.4)  Outline an empiric management algorithm for abdominal pain. (Fig 24.5)  Wisecracks What are the structures included in the foregut, midgut, and hindgut? More importantly, why do you care?  List indications for bedside US in the ED patient with abdominal pain (Table 24.3)  Explain how referred pain works in the setting of abdominal pain (Fig 24.2)    

In this episode of First Year Diaries, I am joined by Dr. Daniel Ting and Dr. Jared Baylis. Dr. Daniel Ting is a first-year staff at UBC, who is currently working from the Vancouver General Hospital and BC Children’s Hospital. Dr. Jared Baylis is also a first-year staff, working at the Kelowna General Hospital. I asked them what it is like to transition from residency to working as staff physicians. Later, we discussed the challenges they face as staff physicians and how residency prepared them for life as Emergency Physicians. 

Dive into the complexities of diagnosing chest pain in the emergency department! Explore critical components like risk stratification and essential evaluations while differentiating between cardiac and non-cardiac causes. Learn about the HEART score and its role in managing chest pain. The discussion also highlights specific management strategies for acute aortic dissection, including how to target heart rate and blood pressure effectively. With valuable insights into imaging and patient assessment, this episode is a must-listen for healthcare professionals!

Today we are sitting down with Dr Alim Pardhan. Dr Pardhan is the FRCP EM program director at McMaster University, Hamilton General Hospital ED side lead, and a passionate medical educator. Your key takeaways from this episode are: Understanding the mechanisms behind fever and hyperthermia The causes of hyperthermia - think drugs, CNS infections, thyroid storm, and environmental exposure Five big, bad, and deadly causes of fever in our patients in the ED - necrotizing fasciitis! Endocarditis! Meningitis! Ascending cholangitis! Sepsis! Identification and management of the patient with sepsis

Core Questions Define the following terms: Dyspnea Tachypnea Hyperpnea Hyperventilation Dyspnea on exertion Orthopnea Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea What anatomical structures are responsible for controlling respiratory effort? Outline an approach to the history for the dyspneic patient. Detail the physical examination for the dyspneic patient and highlight pivotal exam findings that point to specific pathologies. Outline the differential diagnosis for the patient presenting with dyspnea and highlight 5 critical, 5 emergent, and 5 non-emergent causes of shortness of breath. What ancillary tests are indicated for the dyspneic patient? Detail the utility of point-of-care ultrasound in the assessment of the dyspneic patient. Outline a management algorithm for the acutely dyspneic patient. Wisecracks List three findings on chest radiograph suggestive of pulmonary embolism. What is the utility of venous blood gas testing and how do its values correlate with that of an arterial blood gas?

Core Questions:    Define “massive hemoptysis”. Which vessels, when injured, are typically associated with small and massive hemoptysis, and how do the vessel characteristics influence the degree of bleeding? Outline an approach to the history and physical examination for a patient presenting with hemoptysis. Outline the differential diagnosis for hemoptysis and highlight five critical and five emergent diagnoses that cause hemoptysis. (Box 21.1 and 21.2) What ancillary tests are warranted in the patient with hemoptysis? Detail the utility of imaging studies in patients with hemoptysis. Detail the diagnostic approach to the patient with hemoptysis. (Figure 21.1) Outline an approach to managing the patient with hemoptysis. (Figure 21.2) What two maneuvers can be used to address massive hemoptysis from a suspected tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF)? What strategies can be used to improve oxygenation in the patient with massive hemoptysis? Wisecracks:  List one gynecologic cause of hemoptysis. List five causes of massive hemoptysis. What is the most lethal consequence of massive hemoptysis?

We are finally back with episode 3 of ClerkCast! Today we will be talking about ABDOMINAL PAIN with McMaster FRCP EM resident Dr Rakesh Gupta Key takeaways from this episode include: 1. Thinking outside the GI tract for patients with abdominal pain 2. The importance of a good physical exam 3. What type of imaging is best for your patient? Hint: it depends! 4. How to consult your inpatient colleagues! P-I-Q-U-E-D Thanks for the listen!

Core Questions:    What are the three anatomically-distinct zones of the pharynx, and what structures outline their borders? Ultrasound of the Neck Lateral neck radiograph Nasopharyngoscopy CT Soft Tissues Neck Describe the utility of the following imaging modalities in the patient with sore throat. Outline five viral, five bacterial, and five other potential aetiologies of sore throat in the ED patient? (Table 20.1) Outline the components of the Modified Centor Score and describe its application. Describe the diagnostic algorithm for the patient with sore throat. (Figure 20.4) Outline the approach to managing a patient with sore throat in the ED. (Figure 20.4) What antibiotics can be used in the  patient with suspected or confirmed streptococcal pharyngitis? (Box 20.2)   Wisecracks:    In what age groups is streptococcal pharyngitis rarely seen? What is Waldeyer’s Tonsillar Ring? What is the “thumb sign” and what pathology does it point to?