Ashley Frawley is a sociologist at the University of Kent, a columnist at Compact Magazine, and the COO of Sublation Media. She joins me to talk about her new paper “Constructing a Crisis: Mental Health, Higher Education and Policy Entrepreneurs.” The paper explores how the narrative of a mental health crisis amongst UK university students was created and perpetuated, and what this teaches us about the expansion of mental health discourse and psychological categorization more generally.You can find the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube.Links:* Frawley et al., “Constructing a Crisis: Mental Health, Higher Education and Policy Entrepreneurs”* Frawley, et al., “Mental Health, Higher Education, and Regulatory Capitalism: Steering not Rowing.” * Ashley Frawley, Significant Emotions: Rhetoric and Social Problems in a Vulnerable Age* Ian Hacking, The Taming of Chance * Kenan Malik, The Meaning of Race* Cabanas & Illouz, Manufacturing Happy Citizens Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

Carolyn Gorman is a Paulson Policy Analyst at the Manhattan Institute studying mental health policy. She joins me to discuss her new report “School-Based Mental-Health Initiatives: Challenges and Considerations for Policymakers,” which explores the history of mental health programs in schools and examines the limited evidence supporting their effectiveness. We talk about the different types of school-based mental health interventions and how they are used in classrooms today, whether pop psychology and therapy culture fill a vacuum in schools that religious/character/moral education would typically fill, and what schools can do to effectively improve student well-being. We conclude with some thoughts on whether there really is a youth mental health crisis, and the screen time/mental health debate.You can find the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube.Links: * Carolyn’s new report* Daniel Goleman, Emotional Intelligence: Why it Can Matter More Than IQ* Allen Frances, “No Treatment as the Prescription of Choice”* Jonathan Haidt, The Anxious Generation* Carolyn’s review of the Anxious Generation Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

Jules Evans is the Director of the Challenging Psychedelic Experiences Project and the lead author and editor of the Substack newsletter Ecstatic Integration. Kristin Nash is the executive director of the William G. Nash Foundation which focuses on harm reduction and psychedelic safety, and is involved with an important initiative to improve public communication on psychedelics as part of the new California psychedelic bill. The two join me on the podcast for an exploratory conversation on how to communicate the risks of psychedelic drugs. We talk about the variety and likelihood of adverse psychedelic experiences, the recent case of a pilot who tried to crash a plane while on mushrooms, whether it’s possible to truly consent to the psychospiritual changes brought on by some drugs, and the dangers of messaging psychedelics as a mental health treatment. We conclude by painting a picture of what we would want public health messaging around these drugs to be to reduce negative experiences and ensure those most at risk avoid them. You can find the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube.Links:* Jules Evans, How to Communicate the Risk of Psychedelics* Jane Hu, 5 Questions for Kristin Nash* Canadian Psychedelic Survey* Jules Evans, Extended Difficulties Following the Use of Psychedelic Drugs* Huberman Lab, Dr. Robin Carhart-Harris: The Science of Psychedelics for Mental Health* Tate et al., Trends in Hallucinogen-associated Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations in California from 2016–2021* Andrew Cutler, Eve Theory of Consciousness 3.0 * Clinicaltrials.gov* Theo Von Describes the Difference Between DMT & Ayahuasca Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

William Fleming holds a PhD in sociology from The University of Cambridge, and is currently a post-doctoral research fellow at Oxford University’s Wellbeing Research Center. He joins me on the podcast to talk about the lack of evidence for workplace mental health and wellbeing initiatives. William starts by giving a history of workplace wellbeing initiatives tracing back to the British Quakers who provided food, housing, and recreational facilities for their employees beginning in the 18th century. We then get into the popular “business case” for investing in employee wellbeing initiatives before turning to William’s research which finds that these have no effect. We conclude by discussing what changes to organizational practices can actually improve employee mental health, and tradeoffs between individual and collective wellbeing. You can find the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube.Links:* William Fleming, Employee well-being outcomes from individual-level mental health interventions: Cross-sectional evidence from the United Kingdom.* Ellen Barry, Workplace Wellness Programs Have Little Benefit, Study Finds.* Jonah Davids, Corporate Mental Health Programs Don't Work.* Jesse Singal, The Quick Fix.* Kelly et al., Overload: How Good Jobs Went Bad and What We can Do about It.* David Graeber, B******t Jobs: A Theory.* Soffia et al., Alienation is not 'b******t': An empirical critique of Graeber's theory of BS jobs.* Simon Walo, ‘B******t’ After All? Why People Consider Their Jobs Socially Useless. * William’s Twitter, LinkedIn, Email Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

Caleb Ontiveros, founder of Stoa, discusses Stoicism's view on psychology, mental health, and human flourishing. They explore Stoic conceptions of virtue, emotion, and self-control, as well as the similarities between Stoicism and cognitive behavioral therapy. They also speculate about the 'meaning crisis' and whether material progress undermines virtuous opportunities.

Psychiatrist Awais Aftab discusses criticisms of psychiatry, rising rates of mental illness, and the public health approach to treatment. He also explores the difficulty of interpreting psychiatric studies and the dismissal of useful treatments like antidepressants by critics.

John Hirschauer is an assistant editor for City Journal and a Robert Novak Journalism Fellow at The Fund for American Studies. I invited him on the podcast to talk about the history, ethics, and politics of deinstitutionalization, which he has reported on extensively. In the first half of the conversation, John provides a detailed history of institutionalization in America, and how state schools for the developmentally disabled became so popular they ended up overcrowded and inhumane to live in. In the second half, we turn to the contemporary scene, where despite widespread improvements to these institutions in recent decades, disability rights activists have been campaigning to shut them down on the grounds that it’s better for the disabled to live a ‘real life’ in the community than to experience a simulacrum of life in an institution. We also talk about the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill, activist psychiatrists, and why naive theories of mental illness prevention doomed the community-based care approach from the start.You can find the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube.Links:* John Hirschauer, The Last Institutions.* John Hirschauer, A Failed 'Solution' to 'America's Mental Health Crisis’.* Robert Shavelle, David Strauss and Steven Day, Deinstitutionalization in California: Mortality of Persons with Developmental Disabilities after Transfer into Community Care, 1997-1999.* John’s Twitter Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

Kevin McCaffree is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of North Texas, author of multiple books, editor of the journals Theoretical Sociology and Evolutionary Analysis in the Social Sciences, and a chief researcher at the Skeptic Research Center. I invited him to talk about his new paper “Pulling Back the Curtain on Suicide Research,” which shows that decades of suicide research have failed to reduce suicide. Kevin and I discuss who commits suicide and under what conditions, whether it’s socially contagious, and why the suicide prevention interventions we’ve developed have failed so miserably. We also talk about why we need better-trained mental health clinicians, how secularization and digital technologies have created a crisis of meaning, whether differences in theory of mind along the autism-schizophrenia spectrum explain different styles of religious and political thinking, and Kevin’s new theory of individualism that explains rising narcissism and mental health issues. You can find the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube.Links: * Kevin McCaffree, Pulling Back the Curtain on Suicide Research.* David Philipps, The Influence of Suggestion on Suicide: Substantive and Theoretical Implications of the Werther Effect.* Lubin et al., Decrease in Suicide Rates After a Change of Policy Reducing Access to Firearms in Adolescents: A Naturalistic Epidemiological Study.* Tyler Black, Associations Between Income-Based Nutrition Programs and Suicidality.* Tyler Black, Children’s Risk of Suicide Increases on School Days.* Kevin McCaffree, The Secular Landscape.* Landon Schnabel, Opium of the Masses? Inequality, Religion, and Political Ideology in America.* John Gray, Seven Types of Atheism.* Jean Twenge, Generations.* Kevin McCaffree, Review of Generations.* Kevin’s Google Scholar.* Skeptic Research Center, @SkepResCenter. Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

Mel is an ex-management consultant who now writes about the mental health economy and startup world. I invited her on the podcast to ask her about the latest trends in mental health tech and therapy, and where she thinks the industry is headed. Both of us are excited about the potential for new tech, drugs, and therapies to improve mental health, or at least make mental health treatments more accessible, but we’re also concerned that increasing access will reduce quality, and that the incentives of the startup world are misaligned with creating treatments or products that minimize harm to society. We also talk about whether AI chatbots will make good therapists, the appeal of Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS), if psychedelics will lead to a religious revival, and whether humans liberated from social pressures and expectations end up more or less mentally healthy. I recommend Mental Disorder listeners/readers subscribe to Mel’s Substack, as there’s no better way to stay up to date with what’s going on in mental health.Listen on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever else you get your podcasts.Links:* Mel’s Substack Headlines, her Twitter* Winkler et al., “Startup Cerebral Soared on Easy Adderall Prescriptions. That Was Its Undoing.”* Pi.Ai* Schwarts & Schweezy, “Internal Family Systems Therapy: Second Edition.” * Mel, “The Dark Side of the Shroom.”* Contact (1997 Film)* Jonah Davids, “Will Psychedelic Therapy Lead to a Religious Revival?”* Mel, “Social Prescribing.”* Jonah Davids, “Loneliness Isn’t a Public Health Problem.”* The Economist, “Dramatic Growth in Mental-Health Apps has Created a Risky Industry.”* Mel, “An Apple a Day.”* Talkspace Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe

Charles Fain Lehman is a fellow at the Manhattan Institute and a contributing editor at City Journal. I invited him on the podcast to talk about his recent article “How I Changed my Mind About Marijuana.” As Charles says in our podcast, the public debate around marijuana has largely been about whether criminalization is bad rather than whether legalization is good. Since it’s been legalized, the potency of marijuana has increased, use by young people and daily use have reached all-time highs, and the illegal market has continued to thrive. Whatever your view on the subject is, it’s fair to say there’s room for improvement. We also discuss what society would look like if Amazon sold heroin, problems with the East-Asian model of drug prohibition, America’s 40-year amphetamine bender, why “psychedelic science” is mostly about legalizing psychedelics, not science, and the limits of individual liberty.Listen on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever else you get your podcasts. Links: * Charles Fain Lehman, How I Changed my Mind About Marijuana.* David T. Courtwright, The Age of Addiction.* Charles Fain Lehman, How Equity Ruined Cannabis Legalization in New York. * Goldstein & Sumner, Can Legal Weed Win?* Charles Fain Lehman, Adderall Kids and their Families. * Breeksma et al., Adverse Events in Clinical Treatments with Serotonergic Psychedelics and MDMA: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.* Charles Fain Lehman, Rick Doblin Knows Exactly What He's Doing* MAPS, Psychedelic Science Conference 2023* CBC, Outreach Groups Fight for Life in the Midst of a Deadly Drug Supply [Video].* Charles Fain Lehman, This Is Your City on Fentanyl.* Michael Shellenberger, San Fransicko.* Charles at Manhattan Institute, on Twitter, on Substack. Get full access to Mental Disorder at www.mentaldisorder.ca/subscribe