Last Word

Matthew Bannister onThe rock 'n' roll pioneer Little Richard, whose flamboyant performances and powerful vocal style influenced many who came after him.Janet Carr, the psychologist whose long-running study changed attitudes to people with Down’s Syndrome.John Horton Conway, the playful mathematician who invented the Game of Life.Florian Schneider, the co-founder of the mould-breaking German electronic band Kraftwerk.Interviewed guest: Geoff Barker Interviewed guest: Sally Carr Interviewed guest: Penny Warren Interviewed guest: Sir Roger Penrose OM FRS Interviewed guest: Colm Mulcahy Interviewed guest: Adam Sweeting Producer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: Little Richard In His Own Words, 6 Music 11/05/2020; Little Richard - A Whop Bop A Lua A Whop Bam Boom, Radio 2 05/12/2012; John Horton Conway: Life, Death and the Monster, Numberphile 09/05/2014; Florian Schneider Interview, Silverstar Club 1998; Florian Schneider, Parley x COP21: Oceans, Climate, Life 08/12/2015.

Pictured: Catherine HamlinMatthew Bannister onCatherine Hamlin the obstetrician who, with her husband, set about tackling the devastating effects of obstetric fistulae in the women of Ethiopia.Irrfan Khan, the actor whose career brought stardom in both Indian and Hollywood films, like Jurassic World, Slumdog Millionaire and The Amazing Spiderman.The South African anti-apartheid activist Denis Goldberg who stood trial alongside Nelson Mandela.Anne Sayer, the long distance walker who was the first British woman to cover 100 miles in less than 24 hours.Interviewed guest: Julia Langdon Interviewed guest: Asjad Nazir Interviewed guest: Sir Nicholas Stadlen Interviewed guest: Julie WelchProducer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: The Oprah Winfrey Show, Syndication/Harpo Studios 2014; Asian Network's Big Debate, Asian Network 29/04/2020; The Lunchbox, directed by Ritesh Batra, Sikhya Entertainment 2013; Jurassic World, directed by Colin Trevorrow, Universal Pictures 2015; Piku, directed by Shoojit Sircar, MSM Motion Pictures 2015; Slumdog Millionaire, directed by Danny Boyle and Loveleen Tandan, Celador Films/Film 4 2008; Pienaar’s Politics, 5 Live 24/01/2016.

Pictured: Ronan O’RahillyMatthew Bannister onRonan O’Rahilly, the Irish businessman who ran the pirate radio station Radio Caroline on a ship off the coast of Essex.Sir John Houghton, the atmospheric physicist who was Director of the Met Office and co-chair of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change.Sue Davies, who founded and ran the Photographers' Gallery in London, supporting the careers of many leading photographers.Barbara Smoker, the outspoken atheist and anarchist who was President of the National Secular Society.Interviewed guest: Ray Clark Interviewed guest: Hannah Malcolm Interviewed guest: Dave Roberts Interviewed guest: Paul Hardaker Interviewed guest: Amanda Hopkinson Interviewed guest: Chris Steele-Perkins Interviewed guest: Professor Anthony Costello Interviewed guest: Denis CobellProducer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: Arena: Caroline 199: A Pirate's Tale, BBC Two 01/03/1991; The Story of Pop, Radio 1 26/01/1974; Ray Clark on Radio Caroline 1987; Belief, Radio 3 10/06/2012; Interview with Sue Davies, courtesy of The Photographers’ Gallery; Seeds of Faith, Radio 4 14/07/1996; Today, Radio 4 16/12/2002.

Pictured: Dame Jocelyn BarrowMatthew Bannister onThe artist, professor of architecture and expert on sacred geometry Keith Critchlow. He was a key figure in the Prince’s School of Traditional Arts and advised on the design of Islamic-influenced buildings all over the world.Dame Jocelyn Barrow who was an educator and leading campaigner against racial discrimination. She was the first black woman to be a Governor of the BBC.Leonard 'Nipper' Read, the respected detective who doggedly pursued the Kray twins.John Prine, the American country singer known for writing songs which offer a wry commentary on the human condition. Interviewed guest: Jon Allen Interviewed guest: Ian Skelly Interviewed guest: Baroness Valerie Amos Interviewed guest: Professor Dick Hobbs Interviewed guest: Bob HarrisProducer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: Britain's Best Buildings, BBC Two 16/11/2002; Night Waves, Radio 3 07/12/2004; Analysis, Radio 4 28/10/1976; It’s a Fair Cop: Leonard ‘Nipper’ Read, Radio 4 07/12/1976; BBC News, BBC One 13/10/1969.

Pictured: Sir Stirling Moss OBEMatthew Bannister on Sir Stirling Moss, the iconic British racing driver, noted for his courage and patriotism. Although he never won the world championship, he stormed to victory in many Formula 1 and sports car races. Professor Margaret Burbidge, the pioneering astronomer who carried out extensive work on quasars. Mahmoud Jibril, who became interim Prime Minister of Libya after the fall of Colonel Gaddafi. Tim Brooke-Taylor, the comic actor best known for his parts in The Goodies and I’m Sorry I Haven’t A Clue. Bill Oddie and Graeme Garden pay tribute.Interviewed guest: Simon Taylor Interviewed guest: Lord Martin Rees Interviewed guest: Amira Fathalla Interviewed guest: Chris Serle Interviewed guest: Graeme Garden OBE Interviewed guest: Bill Oddie OBEProducer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: HardTalk: Stirling Moss, BBC News 23/12/2010; The World Tonight, Radio 4 18/11/1971; HardTalk: Mahmoud Jibril, BBC News 23/10/2011; Woman’s Hour, Radio 4 03/08/1977; I’m Sorry I Haven’t A Clue, Radio 4 04/01/2016; Front Row, Radio 4 26/09/2018; I’m Sorry I’ll Read That Again, Radio 2 02/11/1977.

Pictured: Dr Bill FranklandJulian Worricker on:Dr Bill Frankland, who survived three years in a Japanese prisoner of war camp, studied under Alexander Fleming, and brought the pollen count into the public arena….The radio drama producer, John Tydeman, whose work contributed to the success of Joe Orton and Sue Townsend….Alexander Thynne, better known as the Marquess of Bath, an artist and aristocrat, whose home was the Longleat estate in Wiltshire….And the actress, Honor Blackman, remembered most for her portrayals of Cathy Gale in The Avengers and Pussy Galore in Goldfinger.Interviewed guest: Paul Watkins Interviewed guest: Sir John Tusa Interviewed guest: Enyd Williams Interviewed guest: Nesta Wyn Ellis Interviewed guest: Dr Josephine BottingProducer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: Desert Island Discs: Bill Frankland, Radio 4 09/08/2015; See You Sunday, BBC One Wales 17/03/1991; BBC Oral Histories: John Tydeman; The Mole Truth, Radio 4 20/12/2008; Desert Island Discs: The Marquess of Bath, Radio 4 07/01/2001; The Thynne Blue Line, BBC TV 11/07/1971; Jools Holland, Radio 2 16/05/2011; The Avengers, ABC 1961. Interviews in this programme with John Tydeman were taken from his contribution to the BBC Oral History Collection, an archive of more than 600 interviews with former BBC staff. For more information see: https://www.bbc.com/historyofthebbc/100-voices/

Pictured: Albert UderzoMatthew Bannister onValerie Pettit OBE, the senior MI6 officer in charge of the daring operation to get Soviet double agent Oleg Gordievsky out of Russia after his cover was blown.Albert Uderzo – the French cartoonist who created Asterix the Gaul.Reverend Joseph Lowery – the leading American civil rights activist who worked alongside Martin Luther King in the campaign for black equality.Julie Felix – the American-born singer who became known as the first lady of British folk.Interviewed guest: Ben Macintyre Interviewed guest: Agnes Poirier Interviewed guest: Dr Paul Smith Interviewed guest: Henrietta Giles Interviewed guest: Fran CollierProducer: Neil George

Picture Betty WilliamsMatthew Bannister on: Fuad Nahdi, the journalist, commentator and campaigner named as one of the world’s 500 most influential Muslims. Sol Kerzner, the South African businessman who made a fortune from hotels and casinos and built the controversial Sun City resort under apartheid. Betty Williams, the office receptionist from Belfast who teamed up with Mairead Corrigan to campaign for peace and won the Nobel Peace Prize. Kenny Rogers, one of America’s greatest country singers known for hits like “Lucille” and “Ruby Don’t Take Your Love To Town.”Interviewed guest: Abdul-Rehman Malik Interviewed guest: Bishop Toby Howarth Interviewed guest: Paul Martin Interviewed guest: Chris Ryder Interviewed guest: Garth Cartwright Interviewed guest: Bob Harris Producer: Neil George

Pictured: Michel RouxMatthew Bannister onMichel Roux, the French chef who, with his brother Albert, transformed the British restaurant scene in the 1970sSammy McCarthy, the British featherweight champion boxer who became an armed robber.Lilian Mohin, the lesbian feminist activist who co founded the OnlyWomen Press. Roy Hudd, the versatile entertainer whose career took him from the music hall stage to TV and radio stardom.Interviewed guest: William Sitwell Interviewed guest: John McDonald Interviewed guest: Anna Marslen -Wilson Interviewed guest: Tim Mohin Producer: Neil George

Pictured: Javier Pérez de CuéllarMatthew Bannister on The United Nations Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar. The Peruvian diplomat faced major challenges including the Iran-Iraq war and the Falklands War. Max von Sydow the Swedish-born actor whose film roles ranged from Ingmar Bergman to James Bond and, more recently, Game of Thrones.Professor Hannah Steinberg - a pioneer of psychopharmacology - the study of the effects of drugs on the human mind. Charles Portis, the American writer best known for his novel "True Grit" which was twice adapted for the big screen.Interviewed guest: Richard Gowan Interviewed guest: Angela Errigo Interviewed guest: Sandra Fraser Interviewed guest: Professor Clare Stanford Interviewed guest: Michael Carlson Producer: Neil GeorgeArchive clips from: Witness, BBC World Service 12/01/2012; Interview with Cuellar, The Classic Sports 17/11/1991; Iran/Iraq War, TV Eye 1980; Meeting Of The U.N. Security Council (Falklands Conflict), BBC Sound Archive 23/05/1982; Perez De Cuellar Admits Defeat, BBC Sound Archive 31/05/1984; UN 40th Anniversary: J. Perez De Cuellar, BBC Sound Archive 31/05/1984; Virendra Dayal on Cuellar, UN News 05/03/2020; The Seventh Seal, directed by Ingmar Bergman, Svensk Filmindustri 1957; The Film Programme, Radio 4 19/02/2012; The Greatest Story Ever Told, directed by George Stevens, George Stevens Productions 1965; Never Say Never Again, directed by Irvin Kershner, TaliaFilm II Productions/Woodcote/Producers Sales Organization (PSO) 1983; The Exorcist, directed by William Friedkin, Warner Bros/Hoya Productions 1973; Liv Ullmann on Working with Max von Sydow, Criterion Collection 11/02/2019; The Simpsons: The War of Art, Fox Broadcasting Company 23/03/2014; Games of Thrones Season 6, HBO 24/04/2016; True Grit, directed by Henry Hathaway, Wallis-Hazen 1969; True Grit, Radio 4 Extra 26/09/2016; True Grit, directed by Joel and Ethan Coen, Paramount Pictures/Skydance Media/Scott Rudin Productions/Mike Zoss Productions 2010.