

In Our Time
BBC Radio 4
Spanning history, religion, culture, science and philosophy, In Our Time from BBC Radio 4 is essential listening for the intellectually curious. In each episode, host Melvyn Bragg and expert guests explore the characters, events and discoveries that have shaped our world.
History fans can learn about pivotal wars and societal upheavals, such as the rise and fall of Napoleon, the Sack of Rome in 1527, and the political intrigue of the Russian Revolution. Those fascinated by the lives of kings and queens can journey to Versailles to meet Marie Antoinette and Louis XIV the Sun King, or to Ancient Egypt to meet Cleopatra and Nerfertiti. Or perhaps you’re looking to explore the history of religion, from Buddhism’s early teachings to the Protestant Reformation.
If you’re interested in the stories behind iconic works of art, music and literature, dive in to discussions on the artistic genius of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers. From Gothic architecture to the works of Shakespeare, each episode of In Our Time offers new insight into humanity’s cultural achievements.
Those looking to enrich their scientific knowledge can hear episodes on black holes, the Periodic Table, and classical theories of gravity, motion, evolution and relativity. Learn how the discovery of penicillin revolutionised medicine, and how the death of stars can lead to the formation of new planets.
Lovers of philosophy will find episodes on the big issues that define existence, from free will and ethics, to liberty and justice. In what ways did celebrated philosophers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx push forward radical new ideas? How has the concept of karma evolved from the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism to today? What was Plato’s concept of an ideal republic, and how did he explore this through the legend of the lost city of Atlantis?
In Our Time celebrates the pursuit of knowledge and the enduring power of ideas.
History fans can learn about pivotal wars and societal upheavals, such as the rise and fall of Napoleon, the Sack of Rome in 1527, and the political intrigue of the Russian Revolution. Those fascinated by the lives of kings and queens can journey to Versailles to meet Marie Antoinette and Louis XIV the Sun King, or to Ancient Egypt to meet Cleopatra and Nerfertiti. Or perhaps you’re looking to explore the history of religion, from Buddhism’s early teachings to the Protestant Reformation.
If you’re interested in the stories behind iconic works of art, music and literature, dive in to discussions on the artistic genius of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers. From Gothic architecture to the works of Shakespeare, each episode of In Our Time offers new insight into humanity’s cultural achievements.
Those looking to enrich their scientific knowledge can hear episodes on black holes, the Periodic Table, and classical theories of gravity, motion, evolution and relativity. Learn how the discovery of penicillin revolutionised medicine, and how the death of stars can lead to the formation of new planets.
Lovers of philosophy will find episodes on the big issues that define existence, from free will and ethics, to liberty and justice. In what ways did celebrated philosophers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx push forward radical new ideas? How has the concept of karma evolved from the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism to today? What was Plato’s concept of an ideal republic, and how did he explore this through the legend of the lost city of Atlantis?
In Our Time celebrates the pursuit of knowledge and the enduring power of ideas.
Episodes
Mentioned books

Apr 15, 2021 • 50min
Arianism
Judith Herrin, an expert in Late Antique and Byzantine Studies, joins Robin Whelan, who specializes in Mediterranean history, to discuss Arianism's fascinating journey through the 4th century. They explore how the Ostrogoths, Vandals, and Visigoths adopted this form of Christianity from Roman missionaries. The duo highlights the theological tensions ignited by Arius and the infamous Council of Nicaea, alongside Theoderic's role in a predominantly Catholic Italy. Their discussion unveils Arianism's shift from an orthodox view to a heretical status, impacting Christian history profoundly.

Apr 8, 2021 • 48min
Pierre-Simon Laplace
Join Marcus du Sautoy, Timothy Gowers, and Colva Roney-Dougal as they delve into the genius of Pierre-Simon Laplace, who revolutionized mathematics and science during and after the French Revolution. They explore his groundbreaking contributions to probability, the stability of the solar system, and his provocative idea of determinism, suggesting that complete knowledge of the universe could predict all future events. The discussion also covers Laplace's role in developing the metric system and the philosophical implications of his work, including his stance on free will.

Apr 1, 2021 • 49min
The Russo-Japanese War
Simon Dixon, an expert in Russian history, Naoko Shimazu, a specialist in Japanese society, and Oleg Benesch, a reader in modern history, delve into the tumultuous Russo-Japanese War. They discuss Japan's audacious attack on Port Arthur, igniting global tensions, and how rapid modernization transformed its military and society. The conversation highlights Russia's naval mishaps, the clash of honor and duty among Japanese soldiers, and the war's lasting impact on national identity and anti-colonial sentiment in Japan.

Mar 25, 2021 • 50min
David Ricardo
Matthew Watson, Professor of Political Economy, discusses David Ricardo's revolutionary theories on free trade and comparative advantage. Helen Paul provides insights into Ricardo’s tumultuous early life and financial savvy, shaped by historical events like the Battle of Waterloo. Richard Whatmore examines how Ricardo’s critiques of landlords intersected with societal class tensions. Together, they explore the lasting impact of Ricardo's ideas, including the intricate relationships between trade, war, and economic policy that continue to influence thinkers today.

Mar 18, 2021 • 52min
The Bacchae
In this engaging discussion, guests Emily Wilson, a renowned translator of Euripides, Rosie Wyles, an expert in ancient Greek theatre, and Edith Hall, a classic literature scholar, dive into the depths of 'The Bacchae.' They explore the chaotic clash between Pentheus and Dionysus, reflecting on themes of madness, transformation, and societal upheaval. The complexities of translating the play, as well as its enduring relevance, are examined alongside captivating insights into ancient rituals and their modern parallels. A feast of thought-provoking ideas awaits!

18 snips
Mar 11, 2021 • 49min
The Late Devonian Extinction
Jessica Whiteside, an Associate Professor of Geochemistry, and David Bond, a Professor of Geology, dive into the mysteries of the Late Devonian Extinction, a catastrophic event that wiped out about 70% of species. They discuss how early land plants and their soil formation caused algal blooms, leading to oxygen depletion in oceans. The pair also explore climate dynamics and geological evidence, highlighting the extensive impact on marine and terrestrial life and drawing intriguing parallels to modern climate change.

Mar 4, 2021 • 53min
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Join Sir Jonathan Bate, an expert on Coleridge's life, Tom Mole, who dives into the poem's structure, and Rosemary Ashton, who discusses the context of Coleridge's early years. They explore the profound themes of guilt and redemption in 'The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,' revealing how Coleridge's struggles with addiction influenced his revisions. The group also examines the haunting symbol of the albatross and the lasting impact of the poem on literature and our relationship with nature. It's a rich dive into the soul of Romantic poetry!

56 snips
Feb 25, 2021 • 53min
Marcus Aurelius
In this enlightening discussion, Simon Goldhill, Angie Hobbs, and Catharine Edwards dive into the life and writings of Marcus Aurelius, the last of the Five Good Emperors. They explore his unique position as both a military leader and a philosopher, examining how his Meditations provide deep insights into Stoicism and ethical leadership. The guests discuss his personal struggles with melancholy, the complexities of his duality, and how his teachings on grief resonate in modern times, revealing the relevance of his wisdom in today's turbulent world.

Feb 18, 2021 • 51min
Medieval Pilgrimage
Join historians Miri Rubin, Kathryn Rudy, and Anthony Bale as they uncover the fascinating world of medieval pilgrimage. Discover the major destinations like Jerusalem and Santiago de Compostela, and how guidebooks helped those who couldn’t travel. Delve into the stark realities faced by pilgrims, from financial exploitation to illness. Learn about the allure of pilgrimage badges as symbols of faith and the surprising mix of piety and parody in these spiritual journeys. Explore how these practices laid the groundwork for modern spiritual quests.

Feb 11, 2021 • 47min
The Rosetta Stone
Join Penelope Wilson, an Associate Professor of Egyptian Archaeology, Campbell Price, Curator of Egypt and Sudan, and Richard Bruce Parkinson, a Professor of Egyptology, as they unravel the secrets of the Rosetta Stone. They discuss its pivotal role in deciphering hieroglyphs, the political dynamics between Egyptian kings and priests, and the collaborative efforts of scholars like Champollion. The conversation also touches on the cultural significance of the stone, its journey to the British Museum, and the ongoing debates about its return to Egypt.