Medicine and Science from The BMJ

As we gear up for the winter in the northern hemisphere, the need to stay warm and eat well is pressing - but in 2022, there are global pressures working against us. Russia invaded Ukraine, and the subsequent restrictions on exports from both of those countries is being felt in terms of fuel costs - but also food costs. At the same time, this year has seen droughts and flooding which have affected global food production, as well as continuing restrictions around covid and economic activity. All of these factors are working together to increase food insecurity. Our Guests; Sheryl Hendricks, professor of food security at the University of Pretoria Renzo Guinto, chief planetary doctor at PH Lab Tim Benton, director of the Environment and Society Programme at Chatham House.

It's almost time for the Christmas edition of the BMJ to hit your doormats, and in this festive edition of Talk Evidence we're going to be talking Christmas research. Joining Helen and Juan, we have Tim Feeney, BMJ research editor and researcher into Surgical outcomes at Boston University. In this episode we'll be hearing about the health of footballers, and if a career in the sport predisposes Swedish players to substance use disorders. We'll hear about the performance of BMJ’s editors, when it comes to assessing the impact of a paper. We'll find out if AI algorithms can pass UK radiology exams, misinformation and a belief that everything causes cancer, and finally, some tips from BMJ’s statisticians to set the world right

In this episode of the Dr. Informed podcast, the topic of discussion is death and dying, and how to involve patients in DNACPR decisions. The panel discuss the importance of doctors having discussions with patients about end-of-life care as a way of creating the best possible death for patients. The conversation also touches on the challenges that doctors may face when having these difficult discussions and they give some advice on how they to overcome them. Joining Clara are; Mark Taubert, palliative care consultant, and national chair of future care planning for the Welsh Government Kat Shelley, an anaesthetics trainee, who has stage four breast cancer, and is receiving palliative care Lucy-Anne Frank, an elderly care consultant. The article "Do not resuscitate me in Barbados" is published by BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care, and is free to access at; https://spcare.bmj.com/content/11/3/310

In this month's episode, Helen Juan and Joe delve into the clinical - with a new review of endometriosis, and why the difficulty in diagnosis has lead to a dearth of evidence and attention on the condition. Joe tells us about a risk prediction tool that could be useful in helping to mitigate some of the problems of antihypertensive treatments. We're also having a geek out about a group of papers we've published lately, on how well evidence is created, maintained, and diseminated. Reading list; Development and external validation of a risk prediction model for falls in patients with an indication for antihypertensive treatment: retrospective cohort study https://www.bmj.com/content/379/bmj-2022-070918 Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of endometriosis https://www.bmj.com/content/379/bmj-2022-070750 Effective knowledge mobilisation: creating environments for quick generation, dissemination, and use of evidence https://www.bmj.com/content/379/bmj-2022-070195 Consistency of covid-19 trial preprints with published reports and impact for decision making: retrospective review https://bmjmedicine.bmj.com/content/1/1/e000309 Changing patterns in reporting and sharing of review data in systematic reviews with meta-analysis of the effects of interventions: a meta-research study from the REPRISE project https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.04.11.22273688v2

#MedTwitter consists of an online community of researchers, health practitioners and students who have created an open source decentralised forum for information sharing, medical education and professional networking. #MedTwitter also provides a space for publications to be shared and promoted. While many will credit Twitter with giving a voice to clinicians, it also comes with challenges, the potential for abuse, or the spread of misinformation. Joining Clara to discuss are; Jonathan Guckian, a dermatology registrar in Leeds, and director of social media and communications at the Association for the Study of Medical Education (ASMI). Flo Wedmore, a medical registrar and NHS sustainability fellow Declan Murphy, an academic medical fellow S2 in ophthalmology in Newcastle, and former Sharp Scratch panelist.

Last month, saw the WISH 2022 - the World Innovation Summit for Health, where experts from around the world came and presented their ideas. In this podcast we'll hear from Dame Sally Davies, the UK’s Special Envoy on Antimicrobial Resistance - she explains how covid, and treatment uncertainty, put paid to conservative prescribing; and what innovations in microbial treatment are on the horizon. Following that, James Campbell, director of the health workforce department at the WHO, who joins us to talk about new data they have on the wellbeing, and why the international market for healthcare staff is no longer the simple solution for vacancies. The BMJ's collections we mentioned are on empowering and engaging patients (https://www.bmj.com/empowering-and-engaging-patients) and food security and health in a changing environment (https://www.bmj.com/food-security-and-health-in-a-changing-environment)

In this month's Talk Evidence, Helen Macdonald, The BMJ's research integrity editor, is joined again by Juan Franco, editor in chief of BMJ EBM, and Joe Ross, US research editor. They're straying beyond the pages of The BMJ, and discussing an NEJM paper about colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. We have a listener request, asking about evidence for England's " NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme" - what do we know about how lifestyle interventions work at a population level? Juan puts on his Cochrane hat to answer the query. We stay with diabetes, and Joe tells us about his research trying to see if routinely collected observational data could be used to match the outcomes of an RCT into drug treatments. Finally, Helen updates us about what she's been doing about a case of plagiarism in one of BMJ's journals - and what that means for researchers who are writing in multiple journals about their work. Reading list Effect of Colonoscopy Screening on Risks of Colorectal Cancer and Related Death https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2208375 Emulating the GRADE trial using real world data: retrospective comparative effectiveness study https://www.bmj.com/content/379/bmj-2022-070717 Expression of concern about content of which Dr Paul McCrory is a single author https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2022/10/11/bjsports-2022-106408eoc

In this episode of Doctor Informed, we're talking sustainability. The BMJ has a special edition on the climate crisis, and finding hope amid dispair - and we want to help our listeners with some of that. Clara is joined by three of the NHS's sustainability fellows, Florence, Who is a medical registrar, Emily a paedatrics trainee, and Li, an anaesthetics trainee For more on the climate crisis, read The BMJ's special edition https://www.bmj.com/content/379/8356

It's October's Talk Evidence, and that means the autumn is upon us including those autumnal viruses. Here in the UK covid is on the rise, and Joe Ross is looking at some research on how good those elusive lateral flows are at detecting infection among people with symptoms of covid. Juan will give us an update on the covid inquiry, the collection of analysis articles The BMJ is publishing looking at the interface of evidence and policy in our decisions about how to handle the pandemic. Since the pandemic moral among clinicians in many health systems has fallen even further, workloads have spiralled. Coupled with other problems with workforce planning and investment in health and healthcare, this is increasing burnout - with a consequential impact on patient care. Helen will tell us about new research which is trying to put some numbers to how much clinican burnout effects patient outcomes Finally, we're turning to a very clinical topic that we don't often cover in Talk Evidence - oncology, and some interesting insights into clearance margins in cancer surgery. Reading list Diagnostic accuracy of covid-19 rapid antigen tests with unsupervised self-sampling in people with symptoms in the omicron period https://www.bmj.com/content/378/bmj-2022-071215 Guided by the science? Questions for the UK’s covid-19 public inquiry https://www.bmj.com/content/378/bmj.o2066 Associations of physician burnout with career engagement and quality of patient care https://www.bmj.com/content/378/bmj-2022-070442 Margin status and survival outcomes after breast cancer conservation surgery https://www.bmj.com/content/378/bmj-2022-070346

It's zoomers vs boomers on this week's Doctor Informed, as we assemble a multigenerational team to talk about the "good old days" and if the youth of today are really snowflakes. Clara Munro is joined by Nikki Nabavi, a medical student at Manchester University and a regular on Sharp Scratch (The BMJ's student podcast); Ayisha Ashmoore, an trainee in obstetrics and gynaecology, in the East Midlands; and Alastair Munro, a retired professor of oncology (and Clara's dad).