The Philosophical Roots of AI and the Connection Between Wittgenstein and Turing

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Computation is the right way to think about the world view. Wittgenstein preempts Minsky's logitist program of AI. Turing is a pupil of Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein cancels classes when Turing is absent. Wittgenstein's book, Tractados, explains the insight that mathematics and philosophy should meet. Mathematics starts with formalizable languages, but it's hard to say something meaningful. Philosophy starts with natural languages and hopes to meet mathematics. Wittgenstein understands Turing's universality before Turing spells it out. Turing's fame comes from his work in decrypting German codes, but his contribution to computer science is significant.

Joscha Bach is the VP of Research at the AI Foundation, previously doing research at MIT and Harvard. Joscha work explores the workings of the human mind, intelligence, consciousness, life on Earth, and the possibly-simulated fabric of our universe.

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Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.

OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
03:14 – Reverse engineering Joscha Bach
10:38 – Nature of truth
18:47 – Original thinking
23:14 – Sentience vs intelligence
31:45 – Mind vs Reality
46:51 – Hard problem of consciousness
51:09 – Connection between the mind and the universe
56:29 – What is consciousness
1:02:32 – Language and concepts
1:09:02 – Meta-learning
1:16:35 – Spirit
1:18:10 – Our civilization may not exist for long
1:37:48 – Twitter and social media
1:44:52 – What systems of government might work well?
1:47:12 – The way out of self-destruction with AI
1:55:18 – AI simulating humans to understand its own nature
2:04:32 – Reinforcement learning
2:09:12 – Commonsense reasoning
2:15:47 – Would AGI need to have a body?
2:22:34 – Neuralink
2:27:01 – Reasoning at the scale of neurons and societies
2:37:16 – Role of emotion
2:48:03 – Happiness is a cookie that your brain bakes for itself