Zudd Kinzley, a history professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Zach Fredman, an associate professor at Duke Kunshan University, dive into grassroots Sino-American relations from 1937 to 1949. They discuss how ordinary figures, like diplomats and servicemen, shaped interactions beyond elite diplomacy. The conversation reveals the complexities of U.S. intelligence efforts and highlights influential individuals such as Gong Peng, who navigated media perceptions during wartime. Their insights illuminate the lasting impact of cultural diplomacy in shaping modern relations.