Vladimir Nesov, author known for his insights on AI, dives deep into the future of OpenAI's O3 training systems. He discusses the significance of upcoming investments in scaling AI capabilities with models projected to train at unprecedented FLOP levels. The conversation highlights the balance between data quality and quantity, emphasizing the need for 50 trillion training tokens. Nesov also evaluates the current state of GPT-4 and its competitors, pondering what advancements might emerge by 2028 in this rapidly evolving landscape.