Vinay Shandal, BCG’s sustainable investing leader, dives into the complexities of climate finance and the $150 trillion needed for energy transition. He highlights how global competition can drive clean energy innovations while also creating challenges. Shandal emphasizes the crucial role of governments in removing barriers and financing sustainable initiatives. Additionally, he explains why private companies are ahead in net-zero commitments compared to public entities, and discusses the transformative potential of AI in enhancing efficiency and lowering emissions.