Victoria Khiterer, a history professor at Millersville University, sheds light on the harrowing experiences of Jews during the pogroms in Kiev from 1918 to 1920. She explores the role of civil and military authorities in inciting violence, along with the devastating impact of anti-Semitic propaganda. The discussion highlights the complexity of historical trauma, including personal anecdotes from Khiterer's family. Khiterer also critiques the leadership of that era and examines themes of collective identity, accountability, and the interplay of trauma and resistance.