Dan Balsam, CTO of Goodfire with extensive startup engineering experience, and Tom McGrath, Chief Scientist focused on AI safety from DeepMind, dive into mechanistic interpretability. They explore the complexities of AI training, discussing advances like sparse autoencoders and the balance between model complexity and interpretability. The conversation also reveals how hierarchical structures in AI relate to human cognition, illustrating the need for collaborative efforts in navigating the evolving landscape of AI research and safety.