Araceli Fernandez Pales, Head of the IEA’s Technology Innovation Unit, delves into the transformative role of batteries in energy systems. Teo Lombardo, an IEA energy analyst, breaks down battery mechanics and trends, spotlighting China's dominance in production. They discuss the surge in battery demand, driven largely by electric vehicles and grid storage. The conversation also highlights environmental concerns in battery production and the future potential of technological innovations, including recycling, to reshape the energy landscape.