Stefan Gužvica, an assistant professor at the Higher School of Economics in Saint Petersburg, dives into the contentious history of communism and anti-communism. He critiques the ‘Black Book of Communism’, revealing its historical inaccuracies and the impact of anti-communist narratives on scholarship. The conversation also explores the complexities of historical memory in Europe, the legacy of Bolshevik movements, and how these themes shape contemporary leftist politics. Gužvica advocates for a nuanced understanding of these narratives for a more informed discourse.