Sanjat Kanjilal, an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, explores how machine learning is reshaping the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. He discusses a groundbreaking study on urinary tract infections, revealing the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics despite outdated guidelines. Kanjilal emphasizes the importance of understanding antimicrobial resistance and the challenges of biases in AI within healthcare. He advocates for better data infrastructure to harness AI's full potential in enhancing patient care and medical decision-making.