René Descartes, a key figure in modern philosophy, dives into his groundbreaking contributions that set the stage for rational thought. He discusses his systematic approach to knowledge and the methods that challenge skepticism. Descartes explores the quest for indisputable truth, highlighting the importance of questioning established beliefs. The conversation leads into the nature of reality and perception, examining the mind-body problem and the reliability of senses. He also touches on the philosophical impact of thinkers like Hume and Kant, emphasizing their revolutionary ideas.

Melvyn Bragg and guests explore Descartes' famous 'Cogito ergo sum'. They discuss his methodical doubt, mind-body separation, and the enduring impact of his philosophy. The podcast delves into Descartes' education, dreams, and pursuit of foundational knowledge through skepticism and reasoning.