Ibram X. Kendi, a historian and author renowned for his book 'How to Be an Antiracist,' engages with Razia Iqbal, a BBC journalist and Princeton professor, in a thought-provoking dialogue. They delve into the crucial distinctions between 'not racist' and 'anti-racist,' sharing personal stories and reflections on systemic racism. The conversation shifts to the political landscape, exploring how party ideologies influence racial policies. Kendi emphasizes the importance of historical optimism in activism, drawing inspiring parallels to past movements against injustice.