Rahul Tongia, a senior fellow at the Centre for Social and Economic Progress and a professor at Carnegie Mellon University, discusses the equity challenges of the global energy transition. He highlights the disparity in emissions between wealthy and developing nations and advocates for tailored climate strategies that reflect local realities. Tongia explores the complexities of carbon markets, the need for fair financing for low-emission countries, and the balance between fossil fuel use and renewable energy growth in emerging economies like India.