Olga Barogovaya, VP of AI at Smartling and expert in AI-powered translation solutions, discusses the evolution of natural language processing from rule-based systems to specialized machine learning models. She highlights the importance of fine-tuning in translation and the role of human translators. The conversation covers the advantages of specialized models in various sectors like healthcare and the complexities of handling personally identifiable information. Olga also addresses the challenges of translation workflows in business, emphasizing the need for human oversight.