In this discussion, clinical psychologists Kenneth I. Pargament and Julie J. Exline, along with UC Irvine resident Kevin Ing, dive into the complexities of spiritual struggles within psychotherapy. They explore how religion and spirituality intersect with mental health, emphasizing the importance of understanding clients' beliefs. Key topics include the emotional impact of spiritual doubt, the necessity of psychological safety, and how early attachments shape spiritual perceptions. The conversation highlights thoughtful engagement in therapy as vital for healing.