Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the insight into our relationship with the world that Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) shared in his book The Critique of Pure Reason in 1781. It was as revolutionary, in his view, as when the Polish astronomer Copernicus realised that Earth revolves around the Sun rather than the Sun around Earth. Kant's was an insight into how we understand the world around us, arguing that we can never know the world as it is, but only through the structures of our minds which shape that understanding. This idea, that the world depends on us even though we do not create it, has been one of Kant’s greatest contributions to philosophy and influences debates to this day. The image above is a portrait of Immanuel Kant by Friedrich Wilhelm SpringerWith Fiona Hughes Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of EssexAnil Gomes Associate Professor and Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy at Trinity College, OxfordAnd John Callanan Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at King’s College LondonProducer: Simon Tillotson

Join guests John Callanan from King's College, London, and Andrew Ward from the University of York as they discuss Immanuel Kant's revolutionary ideas. They explore Kant's transition to critical philosophy and his response to David Hume's critique of causation. They also delve into Kant's views on mathematical judgments, metaphysics, and the distinction between phenomenal and noumenal worlds. The podcast concludes with a discussion on the relevance of Kant's philosophy in contemporary psychology and philosophy.