In this engaging talk, James Moore, an Emeritus professor and intellectual historian, explores the fascinating interplay between Calvinists, Socinians, and Arminians in early modern political thought. He delves into Calvinist doctrines and their implications for political authority. Hugo Grotius emerges as a pivotal figure, advocating natural rights shaped by human faculties. Moore also discusses the Socinians' rationalist approach to Christianity and their evolution over time. Finally, he examines how these theological perspectives influenced thinkers like John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.