Join CERN particle physicist Harry Cliff, author of 'How to Make an Apple Pie from Scratch,' as he dives into the quantum mysteries of the universe. The conversation reveals the enigma of why there's more matter than antimatter, exploring fascinating concepts like CP violation and the significance of quarks. Cliff also discusses the Large Hadron Collider's role in unraveling dark matter and the mysteries of antimatter, sparking a whimsical view on how particle physics connects to our everyday lives.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss an atomic particle that's become inseparable from modernity. JJ Thomson discovered the electron 125 years ago, so revealing that atoms, supposedly the smallest things, were made of even smaller things. He pictured them inside an atomic ball like a plum pudding, with others later identifying their place outside the nucleus - and it is their location on the outer limit that has helped scientists learn so much about electrons and with electrons. We can use electrons to reveal the secrets of other particles and, while electricity exists whether we understand electrons or not, the applications of electricity and electrons grow as our knowledge grows. Many questions, though, remain unanswered.With Victoria Martin Professor of Collider Physics at the University of EdinburghHarry Cliff Research Fellow in Particle Physics at the University of CambridgeAndFrank Close Professor Emeritus of Theoretical Physics and Fellow Emeritus at Exeter College at the University of OxfordProducer: Simon Tillotson

Andrew Pontzen, a physicist from University College London, and Harry Cliff, a CERN physicist, debate the necessity of CERN's ambitious new particle collider project, weighing its hefty price against potential scientific returns. Meanwhile, science reporter Ella Hubber showcases innovative motion capture technology at the University of Bath, revolutionizing how athletes analyze their movements for performance enhancement. They also touch on chimps' unexpected communication skills, highlighting parallels with human language evolution.

Harry Cliff is a particle physicist at the University of Cambridge working on the Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment that specializes in searching for hints of new particles and forces by studying a type of particle called the “beauty quark”, or “b quark”. In this way, he is part of the group of physicists who are searching answers to some of the biggest questions in modern physics. He is also an exceptional communicator of science with some of the clearest and most captivating explanations of basic concepts in particle physics I’ve ever heard. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors: – ExpressVPN at https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod – Cash App – use code “LexPodcast” and download: – Cash App (App Store): https://apple.co/2sPrUHe – Cash App (Google Play): https://bit.ly/2MlvP5w EPISODE LINKS: Harry’s Website: https://www.harrycliff.co.uk/ Harry’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/harryvcliff Beyond the Higgs Lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edvdzh9Pggg Harry’s stand-up: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnediKM_Sts This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 03:51 – LHC and particle physics 13:55 – History of particle physics 38:59 – Higgs particle 57:55 – Unknowns yet to be discovered 59:48 – Beauty quarks 1:07:38 – Matter and antimatter 1:10:22 – Human side of the Large Hadron Collider 1:17:27 – Future of large particle colliders 1:24:09 – Data science with particle physics 1:27:17 – Science communication 1:33:36 – Most beautiful idea in physics

Harry Cliff discusses mysterious anomalies challenging our understanding of the universe, highlighting discrepancies in the standard cosmological model and the critical role of anomalies in driving scientific progress. He emphasizes the importance of skepticism and learning from errors for scientific advancement, using personal experiences from the Large Hadron Collider.