Neuroscientist Giuseppe Pagnoni, an expert from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, argues that meditation is an active mental process, not passive. He delves into the brain as a predictive machine, linking this with the free energy principle and the dynamics of perception and belief. Pagnoni discusses the importance of mind-wandering in meditation and how it fosters self-understanding and emotional regulation. He emphasizes the need for personalized meditation practices, tackling common challenges like drowsiness and balancing activity with relaxation.