David Hughes, endocrine surgeon focused on papillary thyroid cancer, and Elizabeth Grubbs, surgical oncologist expert in thyroid and other endocrine tumors, discuss operative standards for papillary thyroid carcinoma. They cover choosing lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy, defining low-risk disease, preoperative ultrasound and CT use, anatomy guiding nodal dissection, intraoperative triggers to convert, and balancing parathyroid preservation with extent of surgery.
