CEO of ONL Therapeutics, David Esposito, discusses challenges and opportunities in ophthalmology, including the impact of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) on indication selection and the evolving capital market for biotech companies. They also talk about proving safety and tolerability in new mechanisms of action, shifting towards chronic indications, and the relationship between big pharma and early-stage biotechs. Essential listening for ophthalmology professionals seeking to navigate industry challenges and understand the IRA's implications.