David Anthony, an expert in archaeology and anthropology, discusses the domestication of horses, the spread of the wheel, and the language of Yamnaya steppe herders. They also explore the rise of Indo-Europeans, controversies over Proto-Indo-European words, limitations of linguistics and archaeology, the Uruk civilization, and the expansion of Yamnaya and Indo-European cultures. The podcast also touches on the genetic ancestry of dogs in Europe and possible contacts between Chinese and Indo-European populations.