Christine Johnston, MD, an expert in herpes infections from the University of Washington, and Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ, JAMA Deputy Editor, delve into the complexities of genital herpes. They discuss the prevalence and transmission risks associated with HSV-1 and HSV-2. Key topics include the importance of accurate diagnosis, effective treatment options, and the significant stigma that impacts patients' lives. They emphasize the need for improved awareness and understanding to enhance patient care and outcomes.