This week’s guest, Bruce Eckel, is an acclaimed author and thought leader on programming languages, best known for _Thinking in Java_. He delves into the nuances of language design, arguing why ultimate convergence is unlikely. Topics include a fresh take on monads, the challenges of TypeScript, and the role of performance in evolution. Bruce also discusses AI's potential to enhance programming creativity and collaboration, and how effects systems simplify complex coding tasks. His insights reflect on the past, present, and future of programming!