Damien Riehl, technology enthusiast involved in the project of putting every musical melody in the public domain, discusses the complexities of proving subconscious infringement of melodies and the ethical and legal questions surrounding computer-generated music. The podcast also explores the mathematical aspects of music and compares the concept of the Library of Babel to chat GPT, discussing the intersection of creativity, technology, and copyright law in the music industry.
There are a finite number of melodies that can be created within the Western 12-tone system, challenging the notion of melodies as unique and owned by individual creators.
The project 'All the Music' argues that unoriginal and common melodies should not be subject to copyright protection, raising questions about the need to reevaluate copyright laws surrounding melodies.
Deep dives
Melodies as Sequences of Numbers
Melodies can be seen as sequences of numbers, with each note represented by a number. This realization led Damien Reel and Noah Reuben to explore the idea of generating and analyzing melodies using computer algorithms. They developed a program that could brute force melodies by exhaustively generating every possible combination of notes. The program generated an astonishing 471 billion melodies, ultimately demonstrating that there are a finite number of melodies that can be created within the Western 12-tone system. This challenges the common notion that melodies are unique and owned by individual creators.
Copyright Issues with Melodies
The project called 'All the Music' addresses copyright issues related to melodies. Traditional copyright cases have focused on melodies being copied from one song to another, leading to infringement claims. However, the project points out that melodies are often unoriginal and can be mathematically reproduced. Damien argues that melodies that are common and unoriginal should not be subject to copyright protection. He believes that the project's massive collection of melodies, placed in the public domain, serves as a defense for individuals who might get sued for unknowingly creating melodies similar to existing ones.
The Limits of Melodies and Copyright
Damien and Noah's project challenges the notion of melodies as unique creations. They highlight the limited number of melodies that can be created using the Western 12-tone system. With the rapid growth of musical compositions being uploaded to platforms like Spotify, the likelihood of melodic overlap increases. The project aims to raise awareness that the sheer number of available melodies creates challenges for copyright claims. They argue that the unoriginality of many melodies and the finite nature of musical possibilities should prompt a reevaluation of copyright laws surrounding melodies.
The Intersection of Technology, Creativity, and Copyright
The project also raises broader questions about the intersection of technology, human creativity, and copyright laws. As generative AI continues to advance, large language models like chat GPT and others are capable of producing vast amounts of text and music. This prompts discussions about the responsibility of creators and the usage of these technologies. Damien suggests the need for regulation to prevent misuse and ensure that large language models are not used for spreading misinformation or influencing elections. However, the effectiveness of regulation and the balance between creativity, technology, and legal frameworks remain complex challenges to address.
The story of two guys who set out to put every musical melody in the world into the public domain, and the technology they hacked together to do it. Featuring Damien Riehl from AlltheMusic.info.