S03E105: Solar Cycle 26's Early Signs & Curiosity's Sulfur Surprise

Welcome to Astronomy Daily, the Podcast that brings you the latest news and updates from the world of space and astronomy. I'm your host, Anna, and today we have some exciting topics to cover, from the early signs of the sun's next solar cycle to a groundbreaking discovery by NASA's Curiosity Mars rover. There's a lot to discuss. We'll also delve into the recent findings on Jupiter's great red spot and get an update on Boeing's Starliner capsule. Whether you're a seasoned astronomer or just a space enthusiast, there's something here for everyone. So let's get started.

• First Signs of Solar Cycle 26 Detected: Scientists have detected the first rumblings of the next eleven-year solar cycle through sound waves within the sun, even though we're still halfway through the current one, Solar Cycle 25. This discovery, presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's national astronomy meeting, came from researchers at the University of Birmingham. Using internal sound waves, astronomers have pinpointed patterns of faster and slower rotating bands within the sun, known as solar torsional oscillation. Dr. Rachel Howe noted that a faint sign of the next solar cycle, Cycle 26, is now visible in the data, indicating that it will officially commence around 2030. This ongoing research aims to advance our knowledge of solar dynamics and prepare for the impacts of solar activity on Earth.
• - Curiosity Mars Rover's Groundbreaking Discovery: On May 30, NASA's Curiosity rover made a surprising discovery by driving over a rock and revealing yellow sulfur crystals, a sight never before seen on Mars. This find suggests new insights into Mars' geologic and hydrologic history. The rover has been exploring the Geddes Valis channel, uncovering various clues about the planet's past, including chemical interactions and water flows. Project scientist Ashwin Vasavada described the discovery as finding an oasis in the desert, highlighting its significance in understanding Mars' complex narrative.
• - Boeing's Starliner Capsule Update: Boeing is making strides in understanding the thruster issues that delayed the return of its Starliner capsule from the International Space Station. Engineers recently completed tests on a spare thruster, providing invaluable data for troubleshooting the problem. NASA's commercial crew program manager, Steve Stitch, emphasized the importance of these tests in ensuring a safe return for astronauts Butch Wilmore and SUNY Williams. Although there's no confirmed return date yet, the detailed analysis will guide the necessary adjustments before clearing Starliner for its journey home.
• - Jupiter's Great Red Spot Shrinking: Jupiter's Great Red Spot, the largest windstorm in the solar system, has been shrinking over the past century. A new study led by Caleb Kevinney from Yale University might shed light on why this is happening. Using 3D simulations, researchers discovered that smaller transient storms feed into the Great Red Spot, helping to sustain its size. This study has broader implications for understanding both Jovian and terrestrial weather systems, potentially improving our predictive capabilities for extreme weather events on Earth.
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