The Two Testaments

Haggai and Zechariah

12 snips
Apr 19, 2024
Dr. Marvin Sweeney from Claremont School of Theology discusses Haggai and Zechariah in the Persian period, the significance of the rebuilt temple, Zechariah's night visions, promises of future restoration of Zion, and the contrast between a coming king and corrupt shepherds.
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INSIGHT

Collection Order Influences Prophetic Themes

  • The Book of the Twelve exists in different orders (Septuagint vs. Masoretic) that shape thematic emphasis.
  • Isaiah 2:2–4 (swords into plowshares) threads through multiple Twelve prophets, uniting them around hopes for divine rule via a Davidic victor.
ADVICE

Read Texts On Their Own Historical Terms

  • When reading Haggai and Zechariah, consider later historical events (e.g., Temple destructions) that altered their reception.
  • Keep biblical texts distinct from later traditions to avoid reading later eschatology back into the Hebrew Bible.
INSIGHT

Why Rebuilding Was Delayed

  • The returned population delayed temple rebuilding because survival needs and ruined agriculture dominated daily life.
  • Haggai argues the temple is the cosmic center: rebuild it and God will restore fertility and prosperity.
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