Lina Sinjab, BBC’s Middle East correspondent, shares on-the-ground insights from Damascus following the fall of the Assad regime. Mina Al-Lami, BBC Monitoring’s chief Jihadist media specialist, discusses the transformation of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham's leadership and its efforts to gain legitimacy. Steve Rosenberg, BBC’s Russia editor, analyzes the implications of Bashar al-Assad seeking asylum in Moscow, affecting Putin's standing. Together, they explore the challenges and hopes of Syrians navigating this chaotic political landscape.
The fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime marks a significant political shift in Syria, raising concerns about future governance and stability under Hayat Tahrir al-Sham’s leadership.
HTS's transformation from a jihadist faction to a governance-seeking entity illustrates their attempt to balance ideological aims with the diverse needs of the Syrian population.
Deep dives
The Fall of Assad's Regime
The unexpected collapse of Bashar al-Assad's regime in Syria marks a significant turning point after more than five decades of authoritarian rule. Rebel forces, notably the group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), managed to catch the regime by surprise with rapid and effective military actions that led to the fall of key government buildings. The dynamics on the ground shifted quickly, as celebrations erupted among citizens in major squares across the capital, Damascus, illustrating a mix of joy and caution among those witnessing the power transition. The fall not only signifies a dramatic political shift but also raises questions about the future governance and stability of Syria post-Assad.
Reactions from the Ground
In Damascus, the atmosphere is complex as civilians express mixed feelings about the new order brought by HTS. While many celebrate what they perceive as a liberation from Assad's oppressive regime, there are apprehensions regarding HTS's ideological stance and governance methods. HTS fighters have emphasized their commitment to protecting public institutions and maintaining order during this transition, aiming to alleviate fears among the population. However, concerns linger about the potential for authoritarian rule by HTS, leading to calls for a government that represents all sects of Syrian society rather than a single faction.
The Role of HTS and Its Leadership
HTS, led by Abu Muhammad al-Jalani, has evolved significantly over the years, transforming from a jihadist faction into a formidable force that seeks legitimacy through governance. Al-Jalani's leadership style has adapted to current dynamics, showcasing a more moderate image while continuing to advocate for the overthrow of the Assad regime. This shift has enabled HTS to engage more constructively with various local communities, even seeking assurances for minority rights, such as those from Christian groups in Damascus. As HTS aims to establish a new form of governance, their ability to balance Islamist ideologies with the needs of a diverse population is crucial for future stability.
International and Domestic Implications
The fall of Assad invites significant international scrutiny, particularly in relation to Russia's long-standing support for the regime, which has now faced a major setback. President Putin's backing was vital in sustaining Assad’s power; hence the shift in control could alter the geopolitical landscape in the region. As Assad reportedly seeks asylum in Russia, questions arise about the future relationship between Moscow and HTS, as well as the implications for the stability of Syria. This transition represents not only a shift in local power dynamics but also highlights the complexities of international alliances and rivalries in the context of an evolving Middle Eastern landscape.
Today, we look at what the end of Bashar al-Assad’s regime means for Syria.
As huge crowds gather at a notorious Damascus prison looking for prisoners held under the Assad regime Adam speaks to Lina Sinjab, the BBC’s Middle East Correspondent. He is also joined by chief Jihadist media specialist for BBC monitoring, Mina Al-Lami, who profiles the rebel group’s leader and legacy.
And, the Kremlin say Bashar Al-Assad has been given asylum in Moscow after fleeing from Syria. Adam speaks to Russia editor Steve Rosenberg about how the fall of the Russian-supported regime is a blow to the country’s prestige.
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Newscast brings you daily analysis of the latest political news stories from the BBC. It was presented by Adam Fleming. It was made by Jack Maclaren with Anna Harris and Maddie Drury. The technical producer was Philip Bull. The assistant editor is Chris Gray. The editor is Sam Bonham.
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