Jakarta is sinking. Will building a new capital save it?
Aug 12, 2024
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Indonesia's plan for a new capital, Nusantara, aims to combat Jakarta's pollution and sinking issues. The ambitious vision includes creating a carbon-neutral metropolis in Borneo's rainforest. However, the project faces significant challenges, from environmental threats to local resistance over displacement concerns. As construction continues, questions arise about whether Nusantara can truly deliver on its eco-friendly promises while ensuring equitable benefits for its diverse population. Can this bold relocation save Jakarta from a watery fate?
The construction of Nusantara aims to relieve Jakarta's urban issues while highlighting the challenges of ensuring sustainable development in a sensitive environment.
Local sentiments about the capital relocation are mixed, with concerns about cultural displacement contrasting against hopes for economic improvement and job creation.
Deep dives
Rationale for Relocation
Indonesia is relocating its capital city from Jakarta to Nusantara due to severe urban issues plaguing Jakarta, such as pollution, traffic congestion, and the city's rapid sinking caused by groundwater extraction and climate change. Moving the capital aims to symbolize a fresh start for the country, allowing for better urban planning and the development of a high-tech metropolis designed to be carbon neutral. The decision has been met with mixed reactions, with some residents hopeful for economic improvements, while others express concern over losing their homes and cultural heritage. The Indonesian government emphasizes that despite the move, efforts will continue to address Jakarta’s pressing problems, ensuring it is not forgotten in the transition.
Environmental Concerns of Nusantara
The construction of Nusantara raises significant environmental worries given its location in Borneo, home to critical rainforests and endangered species like orangutans. As the city is built, experts fear that it could lead to increased deforestation, further threatening the biodiversity of the region and contributing to climate change. The Indonesian government claims that Nusantara will be sustainably designed, with intentions to preserve surrounding forests and promote eco-friendly infrastructure. However, skepticism remains regarding the implementation of these plans, as past environmental initiatives in Indonesia have often fallen short of their goals.
Socioeconomic Impacts and Local Sentiments
The move to Nusantara is anticipated to create job opportunities and redistribute wealth, especially to regions beyond Java, where the majority of the population currently resides. Conversations with local residents reveal a divided sentiment; some view the project as a chance for economic upliftment, while others worry about the threats to their way of life and cultural identity. Indigenous people in the area fear marginalization and displacement, questioning whether the benefits of the new capital will be equitable or primarily serve urban elites. The ongoing debate underscores a broader concern about whether the ambitious project can genuinely deliver on its promises while safeguarding the rights and cultures of local communities.
Indonesia is building a brand-new capital city - twice the size of New York – in the middle of a rainforest. The current capital city, Jakarta, suffers from pollution, congestion, flooding, is prone to earthquakes and is also one of the fastest sinking cities in the world. The new high-tech metropolis called Nusantara aims to be carbon-neutral and better protected from natural disasters. But the project is facing some major hurdles and has fallen well behind schedule.
On this episode Caitríona Perry is joined by Astudestra Ajengrastri and Rebecca Henschke to find out if Nusantara can live up to its environmental promises and if Jakarta will still be saved from sinking beneath the ocean.
The Global Story brings you trusted insights from BBC journalists worldwide. We want your ideas, stories and experiences to help us understand and tell #TheGlobalStory. Email us at theglobalstory@bbc.com You can also message us or leave a voice note via WhatsApp on +44 330 123 9480.
This episode was made by Alice Aylett Roberts and Beth Timmins. The technical producer was Dafydd Evans. The assistant editor is Sergi Forcada Freixas and the senior news editor is Richard Fenton-Smith.
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