Explore the urgent need to close the $18 trillion investment gap for the energy transition. Discuss progress towards 2030 climate goals and the role of consumers in driving change. Learn about the challenges and opportunities for businesses in addressing climate change. Understand the difference between demand-led and supply-led transitions in clean energy.
Closing the $18 trillion investment gap requires pricing externalities, making consumers aware of the actual cost of energy, and collaboration between businesses and policymakers.
The energy transition to a low carbon future requires supportive policies, incentives, and redesigning energy markets to reflect renewable energy's unique characteristics.
Deep dives
Closing the Investment Gap: Meeting Climate Goals
An 18 trillion dollar investment gap exists between current capital spending and the 2030 Global Climate Goals. Renewable and low carbon energy sources must be incorporated three times faster than previous fuel transitions. To fill this gap, pricing externalities is crucial in order to close the green premium gap and make consumers aware of the actual cost of energy. The transition to a low carbon economy requires a society-wide approach, with collaboration between businesses and policymakers.
Reaching the 2030 Climate Goals
The current pace of capital spending is insufficient to meet the 2030 climate goals. To reach the required capital spending of $37 trillion by 2030, there is an $18 trillion spending gap. While some progress has been made, with 280 companies planning to invest $19 trillion in the energy transition, the planning horizon and the need for faster and deeper transitions pose significant challenges. The major areas of spending include end-use sectors like electric vehicles and industry transitions, as well as grid infrastructure upgrades.
Overcoming Challenges in the Energy Transition
The energy transition to a low carbon future is technologically feasible, but faces challenges in policy, business cases, and market design. The business case for investments varies across different technologies, with some having strong business cases, while others require supportive policies and incentives. Redesigning energy markets to reflect renewable energy's unique characteristics, such as intermittent availability and low or zero marginal costs, is crucial. Additionally, policy support, alignment of targets with granular planning, streamlined planning and permitting processes, and incentivizing demand response from consumers are key enablers for successful energy transition.
A promising $19 trillion has been put toward the energy transition. The bad news? We need $18 trillion more—and that’s just to reach 2030 goals. As the world gears up for COP28, the UN’s climate conference, Maurice Berns, chair of BCG’s Center for Energy Impact, explores how to close this gap.