
New Books in Intellectual History Keidrick Roy, "American Dark Age: Racial Feudalism and the Rise of Black Liberalism" (Princeton UP, 2024)
Jan 18, 2026
Keidrick Roy, Assistant Professor at Dartmouth College and author of *American Dark Age*, dives into the fascinating intersection of racial feudalism and Black liberalism. He unpacks how 19th-century America mirrored medieval Europe, revealing the pro-slavery rhetoric rooted in feudal metaphors. Roy highlights how Black abolitionists challenged these narratives, advocating for individual liberty and equality. He connects these historical themes to contemporary concerns, emphasizing that the antebellum Black liberal tradition offers crucial insights for today's political landscape.
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Medieval Language Shaped American Racial Thought
- Many Americans used medieval and feudal metaphors to explain racial hierarchy and social order in the 18th–19th centuries.
- Recovering 'feudalism' shows the U.S. as neither purely liberal nor wholly feudal, revealing ideological conflict over America's meaning.
Modern Extremists Embrace Medieval Imagery
- Keidrick Roy recounts medieval imagery at Charlottesville and January 6th, noting flags and costumes invoking knights and castles.
- He connects that modern medievalism to past uses of medieval symbols in extremist manifestos and shootings.
What 'Racial Feudalism' Actually Means
- Racial feudalism names both feudal metaphors and an ideology that naturalized racial hierarchy in America.
- The term reveals how liberal rhetoric coexisted with paternalism and entrenched racial pecking orders.







