Speaking of Psychology

What drives people to extremism? With Arie Kruglanski, PhD, and Sophia Moskalenko, PhD

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Apr 30, 2025
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INSIGHT

Core Definition of Extremism

  • Extremism arises from a motivational imbalance where one dominant need overrides others.
  • This dominance removes usual behavioral constraints, legitimizing actions to satisfy that need.
INSIGHT

Extremism as Evolved Survival Mechanism

  • Extremism is an evolved mechanism to handle life-or-death crises by focusing all resources.
  • Today, crises are often constructed digitally, extending extremism beyond primordial survival needs.
ANECDOTE

Gandhi and Bin Laden's Extremism

  • Gandhi and Osama bin Laden shared traits: shyness, anti-colonial passion, dietary changes, social isolation.
  • Their isolation and single-mindedness propelled their extremist paths in vastly different ways.
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