AUSTIN KNUPPE: The Fate of Middle Eastern Christians
Oct 14, 2024
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Austin Knuppe, an assistant professor at Utah State University and expert on Middle Eastern politics, discusses the plight of dwindling Christian communities in the region. He highlights the historical significance of these groups, particularly in Lebanon and Egypt, and challenges misconceptions about their identities. Knuppe argues that America's Global War on Terror has accelerated their decline, particularly following the U.S. invasion of Iraq. The conversation also touches on the awareness gap among American Christians regarding the persecution faced by their Middle Eastern counterparts.
The decline of Middle Eastern Christian communities has sharply accelerated due to U.S. foreign policy and military interventions since 2003.
A significant gap exists in American Christians' awareness of the rich historical presence and struggles of Eastern Christian populations, impacting advocacy efforts.
Deep dives
Demographics of Christianity in the Middle East
Christian communities in the Middle East are historically concentrated in countries such as Israel, Palestine, Egypt, and Lebanon. Presently, Christians make up less than 10% of the population in most of these countries, with Lebanon having the largest Christian plurality at around 25%. Despite the shrinking numbers, Egypt's Coptic Christians still represent a notable population, estimated between 10% to 15%. Interestingly, recent calculations suggest there are now more Christians in Egypt today than during the time of the Islamic conquest, reflecting a significant numerical presence despite the percentage decline.
Lack of Awareness Among American Christians
A significant gap exists in American Christians' understanding of the plight of Middle Eastern Christians, largely due to limited interactions with these communities. Most Americans might travel to regions like Israel but rarely engage with local Arab Christians, leading to a narrow perception of the historical and current Christian presence in the region. This lack of knowledge extends to church history, where many are unaware of the rich traditions and struggles of Eastern Christian communities. Consequently, this ignorance hampers efforts to foster solidarity and awareness for Christians facing persecution.
Historical and Cultural Dynamics of Christian Communities
The podcast discusses the diverse and ancient Christian traditions found in the Middle East, such as the Copts, Assyrians, and various Eastern Rite churches. These communities have unique ecclesiastical structures and theological perspectives that date back to early Christianity, predating the Orthodox and Catholic splits. In regions like Iraq, these communities have faced significant disruption, particularly post-U.S. intervention, leading to a dramatic decline in their populations. Notably, the Assyrian identity plays a crucial role in distinguishing their cultural heritage, emphasizing a deep connection to their historical land.
Impact of U.S. Foreign Policy on Christian Populations
The decline of Christian communities in the Middle East has been exacerbated by U.S. foreign policy, particularly after the invasion of Iraq. Historically, regimes like Saddam Hussein offered protection to Christians, but following U.S. intervention, many were targeted by radical groups, leading to widespread displacement. This trend has been observed in regions like Syria and Lebanon, where destabilization has threatened Christian populations. The speaker notes that despite significant attention given to U.S. foreign policy, American Christians often overlook the impact of these interventions on Middle Eastern Christian communities, highlighting a need for increased awareness and advocacy.
Austin Knuppe is an assistant professor of political science at Utah State University specializing in Foreign Policy, International Politics, Middle East Politics, and War. He's the author of a recent book on how Iraqis survived the Islamic State.
He joins me to discuss Christians in the Middle East. Once sizable Christian populations there have declined noticeably in the past 100 years. He argues that America's Global War on Terror, however, has accelerated the decline of Christian communities in Middle Eastern countries.