199. 知识是什么？

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1、本集有部分内容谈论到性相关话题，请酌情收听。

2、回应一些朋友针对上一集的提问。

3、科学和宗教的关系是什么？

4、所有说法，都值得平等对待吗？

本集相关

地平说

地平说支持者绘制的世界地图

地平说是一种世界观，目前的流行的地平说被科学共同体广泛认定为伪科学。地平说与地圆说相对，认为地表是平面，而不是一个巨大的球面。这种观点是绝大多数民族古代长期持有的观点，包括古希腊前的希腊文明，从青铜时代，铁器时代直到希腊化时代前的近东，直到笈多王朝的古印度和直到17世纪的中国。

罗素的茶壶

罗素的茶壶（英语：Russell's teapot）或称天体茶壶（英语：Celestial Teapot）、宇宙中的茶壶（英语：Cosmic Teapot），是由哲学家伯特兰·罗素塑造的一个类比概念，说明举证责任在于提出不可证伪的宣称的人，特别是在宗教的情况。罗素以之驳斥有神论者声称“怀疑论在怀疑宗教主张的不可证伪性时具有举证责任”的说法。

飞天意面神怪物

飞天意面神怪物（英语：Flying Spaghetti Monster，缩写：FSM，又译飞面大神，简称面神），是飞天意面神怪物信仰（Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster，或称Pastafarianism，又译飞天面条神教、飞行面条神教、飞面神教）信奉的神祇，其是一场以讽刺的方式反对某些宗教教派把所宣称的智能设计论（生物并非出于演化，而是源自某种超自然智能的设计）加入美国公立学校的自然科学课的社会运动。

本集歌曲

Bruce Springsteen 《River》

I come from down in the valley

Where mister when you're young

They bring you up to do like your daddy done

Me and Mary we met in high school

When she was just seventeen

We'd ride out of that valley

down to where the fields were green

We'd go down to the river

And into the river we'd h5e

Oh down to the river we'd ride

Then I got Mary pregnant

And man that was all she wrote

And for my nineteenth birthday

I got a union card and a wedding coat

We went down to the courthouse

And the judge put it all to rest

No wedding day smiles no walk down the aisle

No flowers no wedding dress

That night we went down to the river

And into the river we'd h5e

Oh down to the river we did ride

I got a job working construction for the Johnstown Company

But lately there ain't been much work on account of the economy

Now all them things that seemed so important

Well mister they vanished right into the air

Now I just act like I don't remember

Mary acts like she don't care

But I remember us riding in my brother's car

Her body tan and wet down at the reservoir

At night on them banks I'd lie awake

And pull her close just to feel each breath she'd take

Now those memories come back to haunt me

they haunt me like a curse

Is a dream a lie if it don't come true

Or is it something worse

That sends me down to the river

Though I know the river is dry

That sends me down to the river tonight

Down to the river

my baby and I

Oh down to the river we ride

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