Season 3 - Ep.5: Extended interview on Return to elite sports after a severe cardiac event
Nov 21, 2024
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Harald Jorstad, a sports cardiologist at Amsterdam University Medical Centre, discusses the crucial intersection of athletics and cardiac health. He highlights the disparities in cardiovascular risks between male and female athletes, stressing the need for specialized research. Jorstad delves into tailored diagnostic techniques for athletes, the varied cardiac demands across different sports, and the multifaceted recovery process post-cardiac event. He also touches on emerging technologies in sports cardiology, advocating for collaborative care to enhance athlete safety and performance.
Female athletes experience a significant underrepresentation in cardiovascular research, necessitating more studies to understand their specific health conditions and risks.
The importance of psychological assessments and long-term monitoring is highlighted for athletes returning to sports after a cardiac event, emphasizing emotional recovery and health education.
Deep dives
Gender Differences in Cardiac Events
Sudden cardiac arrest during exercise is significantly less common in female athletes compared to male athletes, with a reported ratio of almost 10 to 1. Despite this seemingly positive statistic, female athletes, especially at elite and recreational levels, remain chronically understudied in relation to cardiovascular health. This underrepresentation means that while we understand the incidence of catastrophic events, we lack comprehensive knowledge on how exercise impacts subtle signs of morbidity in female athletes. More research is essential to identify specific conditions affecting female athletes and to tailor preventive strategies effectively.
The Role of Genetics and Imaging
Genetic assessments play a crucial role in understanding the underlying causes of cardiac events among athletes, yet there is no universal approach to testing. It’s vital to have a multidisciplinary team that includes clinical geneticists familiar with sports medicine, as indiscriminate genetic testing can lead to anxiety and misinterpretation of results. Imaging techniques, particularly MRI, are gaining traction in the evaluation of elite athletes, allowing clinicians to observe sex-specific heart adaptations and conditions. For instance, male athletes may exhibit greater wall thickness, while female athletes require careful monitoring for conditions like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that could signify more serious issues.
Psychological Readiness and Long-term Monitoring
The psychological aspect of an athlete’s recovery post-cardiac event is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in their return to play. Psychological evaluations may help address the emotional toll of diagnosis and restrictions on sporting activities, particularly in high-pressure sports environments. Long-term monitoring strategies are essential and should include educating athletes on recognizing symptoms and understanding the risks associated with returning to sports. The integration of wearable devices for monitoring athletes' health is promising, but educating the athlete on device limitations and the importance of having a structured emergency response plan is vital for ensuring safety.
Disclaimer: ESC TV Today is supported by Bristol Myers Squibb. This scientific content and opinions expressed in the programme have not been influenced in any way by its sponsor. This programme is intended for health care professionals only and is to be used for educational purposes. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) does not aim to promote medicinal products nor devices. Any views or opinions expressed are the presenters' own and do not reflect the views of the ESC. Declarations of interests: Harald Jorstad has declared to have potential conflicts of interest to report: unrestricted research grants to institution: Dutch Olympic Committee, Dutch Heart Foundation, Zon-Mw, Heart to Handle. Unrestricted, unrelated research grants to institution: Novartis, Amarin, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. Unrelated advisory fees to institution: Amarin, Amgen. Emer Joyce has declared to have no potential conflicts of interest to report.
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