The Capitalism and Freedom in the Twenty-First Century Podcast

Monetary Policy and the Indian Economy with Raghuram Rajan (former Governor of Reserve Bank of India)

Mar 13, 2025
Raghuram Rajan, a renowned economist and former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, shares insights into his influential career. He discusses his early passion for economics sparked by childhood experiences in India and his pivotal predictions about the 2008 financial crisis. Rajan emphasizes India's shift to inflation targeting and critiques its growth strategy, advocating for a services-oriented approach. Additionally, he reflects on the implications of cronyism, bailouts, and the failures of riskless capitalism in today’s financial landscape.
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ANECDOTE

From Rationed Bread To Economics

  • Raghuram Rajan recounts growing up in India and noticing scarcity like rationed milk and bread, which sparked his curiosity about poverty.
  • He explains his path from engineering to management studies and ultimately a PhD in finance that led him toward economics.
INSIGHT

Bank Runs As Governance

  • Rajan argues that banks' short-term funding and long-term lending structure serves as an effective punishment mechanism and governance device, not just liquidity provision.
  • This punishment feature explains why banking maturity transformation has persisted across eras and geographies.
INSIGHT

Hidden Tail Risks Preceded 2008

  • In 2005 Rajan warned banks were hiding tail risks while appearing profitable, likening their positions to uninsured insurers collecting premiums.
  • He later saw those hidden risks materialize in the 2008 crisis, validating his earlier analysis.
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