279. Indian Mutiny, the Cat-O’-Nine-Tails, and Mercury Poisoning: The Surprising Origins of English Idioms! (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Jan 15, 2024
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Explore the surprising origins of three English idioms, including their connections to the Indian Mutiny, brutal punishments for sailors, and mercury poisoning. Discover the historical stories behind the idioms 'bite the bullet', 'cat got your tongue', and 'mad as a hatter'.
The idiom 'bite the bullet' originated from surgical procedures in the 18th century, where patients would bite on a bullet to endure pain or difficulty.
The idiom 'cat got your tongue' may have originated from the punishment of flogging on British ships using the 'cat and nine tails' whip, or from the practice of cutting off people's tongues as a punishment.
Deep dives
Bite the Bullet
The phrase 'bite the bullet' means to do something unpleasant or difficult. Its origins can be traced back to surgical procedures in the 18th century, where patients would bite on a bullet to endure the pain. Another theory suggests a connection to the Indian Mutiny, where soldiers had to literally bite their bullets against their will.
Cat Got Your Tongue
The idiom 'cat got your tongue' is used to question someone's silence. Its origins are uncertain, but one theory relates it to the punishment of flogging on British ships using the 'cat and nine tails' whip. Another theory suggests that it may be connected to the practice of cutting off people's tongues as a punishment.
Mad as a Hatter
The idiom 'mad as a hatter' means someone is crazy or insane. It stems from the symptoms of 'Mad Hatter disease,' which affected hatters in the 18th and 19th centuries due to mercury poisoning. Hatters were exposed to mercury nitrate while working with hat fur, leading to neurological symptoms and mental instability.
What do the 1857 Indian Mutiny, a brutal punishment feared by sailors, and mercury poisoning all have in common? All of these things lie behind three common idioms.
Today, let’s take a deeper look at these idioms while exploring their surprising etymologies!