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Measuring the Long-Term Health Effects of Air Pollution, with Tatyana Deryugina
Aug 22, 2023
Tatyana Deryugina, an associate professor, discusses her research on the long-term health effects of air pollution, including methods for measuring impact on life expectancy and chronic effects. They also talk about the availability of air-pollution data and trends in the US.
34:34
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Quick takeaways
- Exposure to air pollution has both short-term and long-term health effects, including increased mortality rates, particularly for cardiovascular causes.
- The benefits of cleaner air disproportionately accrue to individuals over 50, indicating significant potential improvements in life expectancy as a result of reduced air pollution.
Deep dives
Short-term analysis of acute exposure effects
The podcast episode discusses a research study that explores the short-term impacts of chronic air pollution exposure on mortality. The study uses wind direction data as a source of as-good-as-random variation in pollution levels. The findings reveal that a one-unit increase in SO2 (sulfur dioxide) concentration leads to a daily increase of 0.08 deaths per million people. It is observed that the effect of pollution on mortality increases as the time window extends, suggesting that some deaths occur a week or more after exposure. The study also highlights the different impacts on cardiovascular causes and cancer mortality, with the latter showing no significant effect beyond the short term.
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