Short Wave Meet One Engineer Fixing A Racially Biased Medical Device
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Feb 13, 2023 The discussion reveals the crucial role of pulse oximeters in assessing COVID-19 severity and highlights their shortcomings for patients of color. It details the systemic bias in medical technology and the need for innovation in device design. Kimani Toussaint's initiative aims to create a more equitable pulse oximeter that accurately measures oxygen levels across diverse skin tones. With the development of a groundbreaking prototype currently in testing, the conversation emphasizes the importance of representation in healthcare solutions to address racial disparities.
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Measuring Blood Oxygen
- There are multiple ways to measure blood oxygen levels, including the invasive arterial blood gas test (ABG).
- Pulse oximeters are less invasive and provide instant readings, making them more practical in emergencies.
Melanin's Impact
- Skin pigmentation significantly impacts pulse oximeter accuracy.
- Melanin absorbs light, potentially masking low oxygen levels in darker skin tones.
Historical Bias
- Early pulse oximeters were designed for and tested on primarily white populations (mountaineers, jet pilots).
- This historical bias contributes to the current racial disparities in accuracy.