Pratap Bhanu Mehta, India's finest public intellectual, joins Milan for a conversation on Indian democracy. They discuss the handling of COVID-19 by democratic and autocratic regimes, polarization and prejudice in Indian society, executive power in Indian democracy, and the Supreme Court's role in upholding the rule of law.
The COVID-19 crisis revealed a lack of mobilization and accountability in Indian citizens, highlighting the need for a more participatory democracy.
The erosion of civic community and the concentration of executive power undermine democratic accountability in India.
Deep dives
Lessons from the COVID-19 Crisis and Indian Democracy
The podcast episode explores the lessons learned from the COVID-19 crisis in India and its impact on Indian democracy. The guest, Pratap Bhanumetha, highlights the surprising undemandingness of Indian citizens in the face of a lockdown and migrant worker crisis, showing a lack of mobilization for a more accountable government. He also discusses the concentration of executive power and the rapid acquisition of powers by the government without accountability or clear legal sanction. Additionally, the podcast touches on the erosion of civic community and social capital, which affects the ability to understand and prioritize the common good.
The Challenge of Secularism and Religious Conflict
Bhanumetha delves into the challenges of secularism in the Indian context and the need to build a consensus around individual freedom and the preservation of individual rights and dignity. He argues for moving away from religious conflict and shifting focus towards a discourse centered on enlarging the circle of individual freedom. Furthermore, he addresses the political parties' inconsistent defense of secularism, which has led to the decline of credibility and the need to be properly secular rather than abandoning secularism altogether.
The Citizenship Amendment Act and the Erosion of Constitutional Democracy
The podcast episode discusses the controversial Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and its implications for Indian democracy. Bhanumetha criticizes the exclusion of particular religious groups and the message it sends regarding the alignment between citizenship and religious identity. He raises concerns about the erosion of constitutional principles, including the violation of individual rights and the principle of habeas corpus. Moreover, Bhanumetha emphasizes the evasion and lack of institutional deference in relation to the rule of law and the consequences for democratic accountability.
The Current State of Indian Elites and Institutional Decay
The conversation highlights the ideological alignment of Indian elites with the authoritarian tendencies of the government, which has contributed to institutional decay. Bhanumetha discusses how the erosion of trust in institutions and the centralizing tendencies of the regime have undermined checks and balances. He points out the need for societal debates on identity formation, reimagining India's intellectual history, and redefining the development model for inclusive growth in the country.
On August 15, 2020, India celebrated its 73rd birthday. To reflect on the state of Indian democracy and to kick off the podcast’s fourth season, Pratap Bhanu Mehta joins Milan for a wide-ranging conversation on India’s past, present, and future.
Pratap is a professor of political science at Ashoka University and a contributing editor and columnist at the Indian Express. He is a noted author, scholar, and commentator, not to mention arguably India’s finest public intellectual.
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