Commerce, Not Conquest | Interview: William Easterly

In 'Suicide of the West,' Jonah Goldberg argues that the principles of liberal democracy and capitalism, which he terms 'the Miracle,' are under threat from various forms of illiberalism. He contends that the West's prosperity and political stability are not inevitable but rather the result of unique historical and philosophical developments. Goldberg warns that complacency and the erosion of these principles due to partisanship, polarization, and identity politics could lead to democratic decline. He emphasizes the importance of gratitude for the achievements of Western civilization and the need to rediscover and uphold its founding ideals to prevent its downfall.

In this book, William Easterly critiques the West's economic policies towards the world's poor, arguing that these policies have led to more harm than good. Easterly, drawing from his decades of experience in international development, advocates for a more nuanced approach that focuses on small, incremental solutions rather than grand, macro-level plans. He emphasizes the importance of accountability, independent evaluation of aid programs, and understanding the domestic conditions of the countries receiving aid.

In 'Violent Saviors', William Easterly explores nearly four centuries of global history, focusing on the tension between conquest and commerce in the West's interactions with the rest of the world. He argues that true economic development requires the right to consent and agency, not just material gains imposed by conquest. Drawing on liberal economic thinkers like Adam Smith, Milton Friedman, and Amartya Sen, Easterly highlights how global trade has empowered billions and insists that dignity, respect, and self-determination must be central to the fight against poverty. The book critically examines the paternalistic and coercive ideologies behind Western conquest and colonialism, while offering hope through the promotion of freedom and individual dignity.