Homelessness is a Housing Problem (with Gregg Colburn)
Dec 3, 2024
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Guest Gregg Colburn, an associate professor of real estate at the University of Washington, dives into the complex causes of homelessness. He debunks the myth that homelessness stems from addiction or mental health issues, emphasizing that skyrocketing housing costs are the real culprit. Colburn advocates for a comprehensive approach to tackle this crisis, highlighting the need for affordable housing and rental assistance. He argues for substantial investments in housing as essential infrastructure, presenting a data-driven strategy to address America’s homelessness issue.
Homelessness primarily results from high housing costs and market dynamics, challenging the focus on individual factors like addiction or mental illness.
Comprehensive solutions must include significant investments in affordable housing, market reforms, and federal rental assistance to effectively address homelessness.
Deep dives
Economic Foundation of Homelessness
Homelessness is fundamentally a housing problem driven by high housing costs and market dynamics rather than individual factors like addiction or mental illness. The podcast asserts that while these individual issues contribute to homelessness at a personal level, they do not explain the wide variation of homelessness rates across different cities. Cities with high poverty rates, like Detroit, don’t necessarily correlate with high homelessness rates compared to wealthier cities like Seattle and San Francisco. The emphasis is on the economic principle that when housing is scarce and expensive, the levels of homelessness increase significantly.
Critique of Common Narratives
The podcast dismantles various common narratives surrounding homelessness, such as blaming the weather or the generosity of public benefits for the problem. It highlights that despite assumptions that warmer climates attract more homeless individuals, cities with milder weather, like Seattle, actually have higher numbers of homelessness compared to colder locales like New York and Boston. Additionally, it challenges the notion that drug problems or mental illness primarily drive homelessness by showing that these issues don't align with homelessness rates at the community level. Overall, the podcast advocates for a data-driven understanding rather than relying on prevailing myths.
The Role of Housing Costs
A crucial finding discussed is the strong correlation between homelessness and absolute rents in a community, which outstrips other factors such as relative housing costs or local economic conditions. The analysis demonstrates that as rent prices exceed a certain threshold—around $2,000 per month—homelessness rates escalate sharply. The podcast stresses the need for addressing housing market elasticity to improve supply, indicating that most urban areas, including Seattle, lack sufficient housing density to meet demand. Overall, it underscores that manageable housing costs and available rental vacancies are essential to reducing homelessness.
Policy Solutions for Homelessness
The discussion shifts to potential solutions for the homelessness crisis, emphasizing the need for both market reforms and expanded public assistance. The podcast proposes reevaluating land use regulations to facilitate more housing development and increase market capacity. It also highlights the importance of federal intervention in providing rental assistance, allowing local jurisdictions to create more affordable housing options. By combining effective policy changes and expanding assistance programs, the podcast argues that we can work towards resolving homelessness as a collective responsibility.
This week, Gregg Colburn, co-author of "Homelessness is a Housing Problem," joins Nick and Goldy to dissect the complex factors fueling America’s homelessness crisis. Colburn presents compelling evidence that challenges common misconceptions around homelessness, revealing that it stems primarily from the rising costs of housing rather than issues like addiction or mental illness. He explains that evidence shows comprehensive strategies—combining affordable housing, rental assistance, and supportive services—can meaningfully reduce numbers in the unhoused population. While acknowledging the long-term nature of the challenge, Colburn reframes housing as essential infrastructure, calls for big investments in building more housing units, and offers a compelling, data-driven case for rethinking America’s approach to homelessness and housing affordability.
Gregg Colburn is an associate professor of real estate at the University of Washington’s College of Built Environments. He publishes research on topics related to housing and homelessness and is co-author of the book Homelessness is a Housing Problem: How Structural Factors Explain U.S. Patterns. Professor Colburn is co-chair of the University of Washington’s Homelessness Research Initiative and is a member of the National Alliance to End Homelessness Research Council.