Octopus researcher Jennifer Mather, PhD, discusses how octopuses evolved remarkable problem-solving abilities and intelligence, their brain structure, cognitive skills, and insights into general thinking and intelligence. She delves into octopus evolution, tool use behavior, color-changing capabilities, social interactions, and advocating for ethical treatment in research. The podcast also explores models of intelligence in animals beyond mammals, showcasing insects and cephalopods, and intriguing abilities of ants, leaf cutter ants, Latia limpets, and Owl Limpets. Additionally, it covers marine ecosystems, movement, perception, and buoyancy in marine animals.