Exploring the ethical dilemma of animal drug testing and advocating for alternative methods. Examining the limitations of animal testing and exploring alternatives such as computer modeling and organ on chip technology.
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Quick takeaways
Animal testing in drug trials is being questioned due to concerns about the high number of animals used and the inconsistent predictability of toxic responses in humans.
Alternative methods such as computer modeling and organ on chip technology show promise in reducing the need for animal testing, but they may not fully capture chronic toxicity or long-term drug effects.
Deep dives
Animal testing in drug trials
Animal testing in drug trials has come under scrutiny recently, with concerns raised about the high number of animals used and the need for alternative methods. The practice of animal testing dates back to 1937 when it became mandatory in the US after a drug led to multiple deaths. However, studies have shown that results from animal tests are inconsistent predictors of toxic responses in humans. Governments, including the EU, US, and India, are now taking steps to transition away from animal testing in drug trials.
Alternative methods
Science is developing alternative methods to animal testing in drug trials. Computer modeling, using software that mimics human biology, shows promise in predicting drug effects and has the potential to reduce the need for animal testing by 90%. Another method, organ on chip, involves growing human cells on a microchip that allows fluid flow between cells, replicating blood flow in the body. However, these alternative methods are not yet widely used, and some experts argue they may not fully capture chronic toxicity or long-term drug effects. Despite this, governments are taking action to explore and promote these alternatives.