Joanna Allan, "Silenced Resistance: Women, Dictatorships, and Genderwashing in Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea" (U Wisconsin Press, 2019)
Sep 20, 2024
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Joanna Allan, an expert on women's resistance in oppressive regimes, discusses her book on Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea. She explores the unique roles of women in these diverse resistance movements amid authoritarian rule. Allan highlights how gender intersects with colonial histories and the importance of acknowledging women's contributions to civil rights. She also sheds light on the concept of 'genderwashing' where regimes manipulate equality narratives, while underlying tensions from external economic interests complicate genuine progress for women's rights.
The book highlights the critical yet overlooked roles of women in the resistance movements of Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea against authoritarian regimes.
Joanna Allan's concept of 'genderwashing' reveals how states and corporations manipulate claims of promoting gender equality to conceal ongoing women's rights violations.
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The Role of Women in Resistance Movements
The book emphasizes the often overlooked contributions of women in the anti-colonial struggles in Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea. It argues that women's histories of resistance should be central to narratives about these conflicts, as public acts of resistance do not fully capture the ways communities fight against oppression. The author illustrates how female activists have played pivotal roles throughout the histories of both countries, often challenging oppressive regimes while navigating intersectional struggles related to gender. The work uncovers that resilience can manifest in quieter, less visible forms of resistance, contrary to popular perceptions of activism.
Collaborative Gender Washing and Its Implications
The concept of 'gender washing' is explored, highlighting how the guise of promoting gender equality is used by states and corporations to obscure violations of women's rights. The book outlines instances where entities related to governments and corporations frame their activities as supporting women's rights while simultaneously undermining the very communities they claim to support. For example, projects claiming to empower women may serve merely as a façade for continued exploitation and injustice. This critical perspective calls attention to the complexities and contradictions within international aid and corporate initiatives in contexts of authoritarian governance.
The Need for Gender-Centric Analysis in Authoritarian Contexts
An essential argument made is the intersection of gender with nationalism and resistance in colonial contexts. The text posits that understanding the dynamics of authoritarian rule must include how gender influences both oppression and resistance. Women's experiences of oppression are often multisided, intersecting with race, class, and nationality, thus linking their liberation to broader national liberation movements. This insight underscores the necessity to include gender perspectives in political analysis, especially in discussions about colonialism and dictatorship in Africa.
Spain's former African colonies-Equatorial Guinea and Western Sahara-share similar histories. Both are under the thumbs of heavy-handed, postcolonial regimes, and are known by human rights organizations as being among the worst places in the world with regard to oppression and lack of civil liberties. Yet the resistance movement in one is dominated by women, the other by men.
In Silenced Resistance: Women, Dictatorships, and Genderwashing in Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea (U Wisconsin Press, 2029), Joanna Allan demonstrates why we should foreground gender as key for understanding both authoritarian power projection and resistance. She brings an ethnographic component to a subject that has often been looked at through the lens of literary studies to examine how concerns for equality and women's rights can be co-opted for authoritarian projects. She reveals how Moroccan and Equatoguinean regimes, in partnership with Western states and corporations, conjure a mirage of promoting equality while simultaneously undermining women's rights in a bid to cash in on oil, minerals, and other natural resources. This genderwashing, along with historical local, indigenous, and colonially imposed gender norms mixed with Western misconceptions about African and Arab gender roles, plays an integral role in determining the shape and composition of public resistance to authoritarian regimes.