Catherine Lila Chou and Mark Harrison, "Revolutionary Taiwan: Making Nationhood in a Changing World Order" (Cambria Press, 2024)
Feb 23, 2025
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Catherine Lila Chou, a World History expert at National Chengchi University, and Mark Harrison, a Senior Lecturer specializing in Taiwanese politics at the University of Tasmania, dive into the complex identity of Taiwan. They challenge oversimplified narratives, discussing Taiwan's revolutionary journey to democracy since the late 20th century. The duo highlights Taiwan's unique position on the global stage, the symbolism in its national identity, and personal reflections on its evolving sociopolitical landscape amid ongoing geopolitical tensions.
The democratization of Taiwan in the late 20th century is characterized as a revolutionary transformation that redefined its national identity and political landscape.
The National Museum of Taiwan History plays a crucial role in communicating the complexities of Taiwan's past, reflecting its multifaceted identity through diverse historical narratives.
Deep dives
Democratization as a Revolutionary Process
The democratization of Taiwan in the late 1980s and early 1990s is framed as a revolutionary change rather than an evolutionary one. It transformed not only the political landscape from an authoritarian regime to a multi-party democracy but also altered the national identity of the Taiwanese people. This shift led to the emergence of a new self-conception as a distinct nation, separate from the larger notion of China. The complexities surrounding this transformation are emphasized, highlighting the ongoing challenges and the unresolved aspirations for recognition in the international arena.
Historical Narratives and the Museum of Taiwan History
The National Museum of Taiwan History serves as a vital space for understanding the diverse narratives surrounding Taiwan’s past, showcasing the complexities of its historical identity. The museum presents exhibitions that cover indigenous history, colonial legacies, and significant events such as the 1947 228 uprising, illustrating the struggles for nationhood. By navigating these various histories, the museum provides visitors with a multifaceted view of Taiwan's evolution and the ongoing negotiation of its identity. This approach underscores the importance of historical context in shaping contemporary Taiwanese society.
The Concept of Chinese Taipei
The notion of 'Chinese Taipei' illustrates Taiwan's complex status in international relations, where it is often referred to by terms that obscure its true identity. This chapter highlights how Taipei itself serves as a miniature representation of China through street naming conventions imposed by the Taiwanese government following the KMT's retreat after the Chinese Civil War. The renaming reflects an attempt to assimilate Taiwan into a greater Chinese narrative while simultaneously marginalizing its unique identity. This struggle over nomenclature becomes a poignant symbol of the larger geopolitical tensions and the realities faced by Taiwanese citizens.
Taiwan's Place in Global Politics
Taiwan occupies a paradoxical position in global politics, where it is crucial to international security discussions yet remains marginalized on the global stage. The tensions arising from its geopolitical status reveal the contradictions inherent in the international system that both recognizes and excludes Taiwan. The chapter discusses how Taiwan’s existence as a state is often overshadowed by diplomatic pressures and naming conventions that deny its reality. Ultimately, it emphasizes the necessity for a deeper understanding of Taiwan's unique situation, especially as global dynamics evolve and intensify.
Popular English-language discourse about Taiwan often contains tropes like how “Taiwan is the real China” or how Taiwan “split with China in 1949”. Catherine Lila Chou and Mark Harrison’s book Revolutionary Taiwan: Making Nationhood in a Changing World Order (Cambria, 2024) argues that such tropes dangerously oversimplify Taiwan’s national narrative, especially after its democratization in the late 1980s/early 1990s.
Through chapters centered around examples easily accessible to layperson audiences, Revolutionary Taiwan aims to help readers understand how Taiwanese people conceptualize their self-identity, and why Taiwan’s democratization process encompasses a series of “revolutionary” transformations.
Catherine Lila Chou is an Assistant Professor of World History at National Chengchi University in Taiwan. She previously taught at Grinnell College in Iowa and, besides writing about Taiwan, has a background in early modern British and European history.
Mark Harrison is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Tasmania, and specializes in Taiwanese politics and society. He is also an expert associate of the National Security College at the Australian National University, and also works with the Australian Strategic Policy Institute on Taiwan-related issues.
Anthony Kao is a writer who intersects international affairs and cultural criticism. He founded/edits Cinema Escapist—a publication exploring the sociopolitical context behind global film and television—and also writes for outlets like The Guardian, Al Jazeera, The Diplomat, and Eater.